Blood

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Transports everything that must be carried from one place to another in the body

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Transports everything that must be carried from one place to another in the body

Blood

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2

Oxygen rich (color)

Scarlet

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Oxygen poor (color)

Purple

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pH level of Blood

7.35 and 7.45

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Temperature of blood

38 C or 100.4 F

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Reddish pellet at the bottom of-the tube that function as a oxygen transport

Erythrocytes

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Thin whittish layer between erythrocytes and plasma

Buffy coat

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Function to protect the body

Leukocytes

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Are cell fragments that help stop bleeding

Platelets

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“Blood fraction”- percentage of total volume of a blood sample

Hematocrit

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Hematocrit of RBC, WBC and platelets , and plasma

45% RBC

< 1% WBC AND PLATELETS

55% PLASMA

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Liquid part of the blood

Plasma

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Most abundant solutes in plasma

Plasma protein

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Example of plasma protein that is a blood buffer

Albumin

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It is when blood starts to become too acidic

Acidosis

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It is when blood starts to become too basic

Alkalosis

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Iron bearing protein

Hemoglobin

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4 cells present in hemoglobin

2 Alpha cell and 2 beta cell plus heme(binds iron)

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Defend the body against damage by bacteria

Leukocytes

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WBC slip into and out of blood vessels

Diapedesis

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WBC locate area of infections in the body by responding certain chemicals

Positive chemotaxis

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WBC form flowing cytoplasmic extensions that help move them along

Amoeboid motion

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Total WBC count above 11,000 cells/mm3

Leukocytosis

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Abnormally low WBC count

Leukopenia

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Two classifications of leukocytes

Granulocytes and agranulocytes

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Granule containing WBC

Granulocytes

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Examples of granulocytes

NEUTROPHIL, EOSINOPHIL, BASOPHIL

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Most numerous WBC that has multilobe nucleus

Neutrophil

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Has a blue red nucleus that resembles earmuffs

Eosinophil

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Rarest WBC that contains histamine containing granules

Basophil

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Lack visible cytoplasmic granule when stained

Agranulocytes

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Examples of agranulocytes

Lymphocytes and monocytes

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2nd most numerous leukocytes that produces antibodies

Lymphocytes

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Largest WBC that has a U or kidney shaped nucleus

Monocytes

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Blood cell formation

Hematopoiesis

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Common stem cell

Hemocytoblast

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2 types of descendants of Hemocytoblast

Lymphoid stem cell and Myeloid stem cell

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Unable to synthesize proteins, grow, divide

RBC

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Rate of erythrocytes production is controlled by this hormone

Erythropoietin

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Hormone that stimulates formation of leukocytes and platelets

Colony stimulating factor and Interleukins (CSFs)

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Accelerates production of platelets

Thrombopoietin

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Process of stopping the bleeding

Hemostasis

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3 major phases of hemostasis

1 vascular spasm

2 platelets plug

3 coagulation events

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Substance that the body recognizes as foreign

Antigen

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“Recognizers” that attach to RBCs bearing surface antigens different from those on the recipients RBCs

Antibodies

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Binding of the antibodies causing foreign RBCs to clump

Agglutination

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Meshwork produced by platelets to trap RBC

Fibrin

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Based on which of two antigens, type A or B, a person inherits

ABO blood groups

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Antigen and blood received of Blood Group “AB”

ANTIGEN = AB

Blood received = AB, B, A, O

“Universal recipients”

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Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “A”

ANTIGEN = A

ANTIBODY= Anti- B

Blood received = A, O

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Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “B”

ANTIGEN = B

ANTIBODY= Anti- A

Blood received = B, O

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Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “O”

ANTIGEN = No antigen

ANTIBODY= Anti-A and B

Blood received = O

“Universal donor”

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8 Rh antigens was identified in Rhesus monkeys

Rh blood group

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Rupture pf RBCs

Hemolysis

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Immune serum that prevents sensitization and subsequent immune response

RhoGAM

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Antibodies destroys the baby’s RBCs

Hemolytic Disease of the newborn

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How many hemoglobin molecules in one blood cell

250 million

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How many oxygen molecules does the iron bind

4

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Only complete cell in blood

Leukocytes

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A Granulocytes that reacts to bacteria and fungi during respiratory burst

Neutrophils

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They have a role in allergy attacks and parasitic worms

Eosinophils

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WBC lifespan

13-21 days

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RBC lifespan

100-120 days

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Platelet lifespan

3-5 days

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Phase of hemostasis: Narrow blood vessels decreasing blood loss

Vascular spasm

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Phase of hemostasis:platelets adhere to damage site

Platelet plug

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platelets sticks to damaged blood vessel

Platelet adhesion

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Platelet attracts other platelets

Platelet aggregation

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Rh positive can receive

(+) and (-)

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Rh negative can receive

(-)

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