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Transports everything that must be carried from one place to another in the body
Blood
Oxygen rich (color)
Scarlet
Oxygen poor (color)
Purple
pH level of Blood
7.35 and 7.45
Temperature of blood
38 C or 100.4 F
Reddish pellet at the bottom of-the tube that function as a oxygen transport
Erythrocytes
Thin whittish layer between erythrocytes and plasma
Buffy coat
Function to protect the body
Leukocytes
Are cell fragments that help stop bleeding
Platelets
“Blood fraction”- percentage of total volume of a blood sample
Hematocrit
Hematocrit of RBC, WBC and platelets , and plasma
45% RBC
< 1% WBC AND PLATELETS
55% PLASMA
Liquid part of the blood
Plasma
Most abundant solutes in plasma
Plasma protein
Example of plasma protein that is a blood buffer
Albumin
It is when blood starts to become too acidic
Acidosis
It is when blood starts to become too basic
Alkalosis
Iron bearing protein
Hemoglobin
4 cells present in hemoglobin
2 Alpha cell and 2 beta cell plus heme(binds iron)
Defend the body against damage by bacteria
Leukocytes
WBC slip into and out of blood vessels
Diapedesis
WBC locate area of infections in the body by responding certain chemicals
Positive chemotaxis
WBC form flowing cytoplasmic extensions that help move them along
Amoeboid motion
Total WBC count above 11,000 cells/mm3
Leukocytosis
Abnormally low WBC count
Leukopenia
Two classifications of leukocytes
Granulocytes and agranulocytes
Granule containing WBC
Granulocytes
Examples of granulocytes
NEUTROPHIL, EOSINOPHIL, BASOPHIL
Most numerous WBC that has multilobe nucleus
Neutrophil
Has a blue red nucleus that resembles earmuffs
Eosinophil
Rarest WBC that contains histamine containing granules
Basophil
Lack visible cytoplasmic granule when stained
Agranulocytes
Examples of agranulocytes
Lymphocytes and monocytes
2nd most numerous leukocytes that produces antibodies
Lymphocytes
Largest WBC that has a U or kidney shaped nucleus
Monocytes
Blood cell formation
Hematopoiesis
Common stem cell
Hemocytoblast
2 types of descendants of Hemocytoblast
Lymphoid stem cell and Myeloid stem cell
Unable to synthesize proteins, grow, divide
RBC
Rate of erythrocytes production is controlled by this hormone
Erythropoietin
Hormone that stimulates formation of leukocytes and platelets
Colony stimulating factor and Interleukins (CSFs)
Accelerates production of platelets
Thrombopoietin
Process of stopping the bleeding
Hemostasis
3 major phases of hemostasis
1 vascular spasm
2 platelets plug
3 coagulation events
Substance that the body recognizes as foreign
Antigen
“Recognizers” that attach to RBCs bearing surface antigens different from those on the recipients RBCs
Antibodies
Binding of the antibodies causing foreign RBCs to clump
Agglutination
Meshwork produced by platelets to trap RBC
Fibrin
Based on which of two antigens, type A or B, a person inherits
ABO blood groups
Antigen and blood received of Blood Group “AB”
ANTIGEN = AB
Blood received = AB, B, A, O
“Universal recipients”
Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “A”
ANTIGEN = A
ANTIBODY= Anti- B
Blood received = A, O
Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “B”
ANTIGEN = B
ANTIBODY= Anti- A
Blood received = B, O
Antigen, antibodies and blood received of Blood Group “O”
ANTIGEN = No antigen
ANTIBODY= Anti-A and B
Blood received = O
“Universal donor”
8 Rh antigens was identified in Rhesus monkeys
Rh blood group
Rupture pf RBCs
Hemolysis
Immune serum that prevents sensitization and subsequent immune response
RhoGAM
Antibodies destroys the baby’s RBCs
Hemolytic Disease of the newborn
How many hemoglobin molecules in one blood cell
250 million
How many oxygen molecules does the iron bind
4
Only complete cell in blood
Leukocytes
A Granulocytes that reacts to bacteria and fungi during respiratory burst
Neutrophils
They have a role in allergy attacks and parasitic worms
Eosinophils
WBC lifespan
13-21 days
RBC lifespan
100-120 days
Platelet lifespan
3-5 days
Phase of hemostasis: Narrow blood vessels decreasing blood loss
Vascular spasm
Phase of hemostasis:platelets adhere to damage site
Platelet plug
platelets sticks to damaged blood vessel
Platelet adhesion
Platelet attracts other platelets
Platelet aggregation
Rh positive can receive
(+) and (-)
Rh negative can receive
(-)