Retinal Disorders

macular degeneration

What is a common cause of blindness due to older age that happens due to deterioration of central vision- and no pain or redness?

macular degen

macular degeneration

What is a common cause of blindness due to older age that happens due to deterioration of central vision- and no pain or redness?

macular degen

dry (atrophic,deographic)

What type of macular degen:

◦Progressive vision loss

◦Drusen bodies

◦Discrete yellow subretinal deposits

◦90% is DRY AMD

◦Gradual loss of vision

dry MD

wet (neovascular, exudative)

What type of macular degen:

◦More rapid and severe than atrophic degeneration

◦New abnormal vessels

◦Breakage cause retinal hemorrhaging and scarring

◦Leads to permanent vision loss

wet MD

macular degen

◦Progression may be reduced with antioxidants, omega 3 fatty acids and smoking cessation

What is the tx for macular degen?

retinal detachment

What is the separation of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid and has RF of: myopia and cataract extraction?

retinal detachment

What presents as:

◦Loss of vision in one eye

◦Floaters and flashes of light

◦Rapid “curtain” spreading across field of vision

◦No pain or redness

retinal detachment

minimize eye movement

- URGENT REFERRAL AND SURGERY

What is the tx for retinal detachment?

diabetic retinopathy

What is a principle cause of impaired vision in people 25-74 that is asymptomatic until late stages and important to screen in diabetic pts?

Nonproliferative

What type of diabetic retinopathy:

- absence of normal new blood vessels

- MC cause in type II diabetes

proliferative

What type of diabetic retinopathy:

small vessel occlusion which causes retinal hypoxia

- abnormal new vessel growth

- goal: improve vision, preserve vision and decrease the rate of progression

What is the tx for diabetic retinopathy

central retinal artery occlusion

What is a TRUE OCULAR EMERGENCY that has Sudden monocular loss of vision with No pain or redness and a cherry red spot is viewed?

central retinal artery occlusion

central retinal artery occlusion

What are these RF for:

◦Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia

CRP, ESR, screen for diabetes, hyperlipidemia

- ultrsound

- ECG

- CT or MRI

What is the labs/dx for central retinal artery occlusion?

URGENT REFERRAL TO ER

-> IV methyprednisolone

What is the tx for central retinal artery occlusion?

branch retinal artery occlusion

What presents with sudden loss of vision in a discrete area in the visual field in one eye?

central retinal VEIN occlusion

What is the acute monocular vision loss with no pain or redness - seen as "blood and thunder"?

screen for ◦diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperviscosity

What are the labs for central retinal vein occlusion?

central retinal vein occlusion

REFER

IV injections of VEFG inhibitors

What is the tx for central retinal vein occlusion?

transient monocular vision loss

What is sudden- onset monocular vision loss that looks like "curtain passing vertically"?

transient monocular vision loss