1a - Characteristics of Living Organisms

Movement

运动 (yùndòng) An organism or its part changing position or place.

Respiration

呼吸作用 (hūxī zuòyòng) Chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrients to release energy.

Sensitivity

感应性 (gǎnyìng xìng) The ability to detect environmental changes (stimuli) and respond.

Control

控制 (kòngzhì) / 调控 (tiáokòng) Keeping the internal environment of an organism stable (homeostasis).

Growth

生长 (shēngzhǎng) A permanent increase in an organism's size and dry mass.

Reproduction

繁殖 (fánzhí) Making more organisms of the same kind.

Excretion

排泄 (páixiè) Removing toxic materials, metabolic waste, and excess substances from an organism.

Nutrition

营养 (yíngyǎng) Taking in nutrients (food) for energy, growth, and repair.

Homeostasis

体内平衡 (tǐnèi pínghéng) / 稳态 (wěntài) The maintenance of a constant internal environment within an organism

Metabolism

新陈代谢 (xīnchén dàixiè) All the chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life.