HYDROSPHERE

Hydrosphere

Total amount of water in a planer, Water that is on the surface, underground and air.

Can be liquid, vapor or ice.

Evaporation

When water changes into water vapor due to heat

TRANSPIRATION

When water vapor is released from plants also due to heat

CONDENSATION

Water vapor turns into tiny droplets, forming clouds.

PRECIPITATION

Rain, snow, sleet or hail.

MELTING

Ice and snow turn into liquid due to heat.

WATER STORAGE

When earth soaks up some water and temporarily stores it underground.

AQUIFER

Water storage underground, Formation of rock and soil and supplies springs or well.

WATERSHED/DRAINAGE BASIN

Region/Area whose runoff drains into a body of water through the soil, supplies water to a body of water.

TRIBUTARIES

Smaller bodies of water

RUN-OFF

Water that hits land and flows into a creek/stream/river.

Microbial Pathogens

Include disease-producing microorganisms

LEPTOSPIROSIS

Comes from urine of infected animals

ORGANIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS

Pesticides can cause chronic illness like cancer, disorders of the nervous and reproductive system, liver & kidney damage and possible birth defects.

INORGANIC CHEMICALS

Include toxic metals like led, mercury, chromium etc.

RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS

Uranium in soil decays produce a radioactive contaminant “radon” that develops lung cancer when inhaled

Climatologist

Studies Climates

Hydrologist

Studies water and its properties

Hydrogeologist

deals with groundwater science

Limnologist

Studies bodies of freshwater

Watershed Planners

deal with regional water source issues

Engineers

Develop plans for storing and transporting water

Water Pollution Technologist

study water for human consumption

Municipal Planner

Helps determine current and future community needs

WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

Process to make it more acceptable for human consumption and use

Coagulation

Removes dirt in water (done by adding chemicals to form floc which attracts dirt particles)

Sedimentation

Floc settles down to the bottom of a basin of still water

Disinfection

Uses chemicals like chlorine to kill bacteria

STORAGE

Water is stored in a reservoir for storage