Chapter 11 History Test

Who did they give honor to, he was a scholar, lawyer, statesman, and orator?

Cicero

What were sponsors called?

Patrons

Who was the most famous patron family of rich bankers from Florence?

The Medici family

Who is known as the father of humanism because of his help in reviving interest in the classics?

Francesco Petrarch

Who wrote a famous book on etiquette (social behavior) called "The Courtier"?

Castiglione

Who is famous for writing "The Prince", which is a book about a successful ruler who does what's practical instead of what's morally right?

Niccolo Machiavelli

Who studied Jewish Rabbis to learn and master the Hebrew language, published Hebrew grammar and lexicon (dictionary) On the Fundamentals of Hebrew?

Johann Reuchlin

Who was Martin Luther's friend, Reuchlin's great-nephew, master of Greek and Latin, and known as the "Preceptor of Germany"?

Phillip Melanchthon

Who was the English Biblical scholar, graduate of Oxford, established Saint Paul's School for the humanities and for training Christians, and he charged Thomas Aquinas for corrupting Christianity?

John Colet

Who never joined the Protestant Reformation, he urged reform in the Catholic Church, he wrote Utopia?

Thomas More

Who is the most famous scholar of the Renaissance that traveled to Europe, knew Greek and Latin, known as the "prince of humanists", published the Greek Mew Testament, and spoke out against the worldly clergy?

Erasmus

Who wrote the "Don Quixote" (a satire story in which Don Quixote thinks he's a knight)?

Miguel de Cervantes

Who did the Renaissance literature reach its peak with, he is considered the greatest playwright of all time and England's greatest poet, and how many sonnets and plays did he produce?

William Shakespeare, 154 sonnets, and 38 plays

Who is the most famous early Italian Renaissance painter known for painting in a realistic, natural looking, three dimensional style, frescoes (painting on wet plaster) and perspective (making things appear 3D)?

Giotto di Bondone ("Father of Renaissance Painting")

Who added shading to his paintings to create a 3D effect?

Masaccio (painted Il Tributo)

Who added the effect of movement in his art of still figures?

Botticelli (painted Madonna of the Magnificant)

What is a Renaissance man and who is a great example of the Renaissance man?

A Renaissance man is a man who knows and can do many things, Leonardo da Vinci

What is Leonardo da Vinci's most famous painting and which painting is an example of his master of perspective and balance?

Mona Lisa, and The Last Supper

Who studied the great paintings of his day, became a great painter, and most famous for his frescos, he painted the School of Athens?

Raphael Sanzio

Who is the most famous artists in history, he was asked to paint the ceiling in the Vatican, painted the Sistine Chapel?

Michelangelo

Who was another leading painter of the Renaissance, his portraits were known for its warmth, freshness, and vitality?

Titian

Who had the nickname Tintoretto which means little dyer?

Jacopo Robusti

Who was a very accomplished painter, first northern artist to travel to Italy to study art, and was one the first to sign his drawings?

Albrecht Durer ("Leonardo of the North")

Who is a German painter that's considered the finest portrait painter of the North, and Henry VIII's official court painter?

Hans Holbein

Who was one of the first to use oil paints to add realism?

Van Eyck

Who was a Flemish painter known for his genre paintings, which are paintings from everyday life?

Pieter Brueghel

What 2 people competed in the 1401 competition to create a set of bronze doors for their baptistery, and who won?

Lorenzo Ghiberti (won) and Flippo Brunelleschi (lost)

Who is known for the first full scale statue of a man on horseback since Roman times?

Donatello

Who is known for two paintings of La Pieta and David and what are they paintings of?

Michelangelo, Mary mourning over Jesus

What is plainsong and what is polyphonic?

Chants, and melodies or singers

Who was a fearless preacher, theologian, teacher/ lecturer, criticized monastic orders, transubstantiation, confession, known as the "Morning Star of the Reformation"?

John Wycliffe

Who did John Wycliffe call the "Anti-christ" and "The leader of the army of the Devil"?

The pope

What were Wycliffe's followers called and what happened to them?

Lollards, many were imprisoned, tortured, and burned at the stake

Who was influenced by Wycliffe, excommunicated, remained strong in his beliefs, became a popular preacher, and Bohemian reformer?

John Huss

What position did Catholics summon Wycliffe to protect him?

Council of Constance

Who was born in Germany, grew up feeling guilty of his sins, graduated from Erfurt's University with a bachelor's and master's degree in liberal arts, and "erudite philosopher"?

Martin Luther

Who did Luther cry "...help me; I will become a monk!" to?

Saint Anne

What did Luther start preaching after he read the Bible (Roman 1:17)?

Justification by faith alone

Who began selling indulgences near Luther's parish?

Johann Tetzel

What began because someone printed the 95 theses?

Protestant Reformation

Who was the "prince" of Luther's part of Germany that Luther appealed to?

Frederick the Wise

Who did Luther debate later in 1519 at Leipzig?

Johann Eck

What city did the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V agree to meet Luther to come to the diet in March?

The city of Worms

Who arranged the pretend kidnapping to protect Luther?

Frederick the Wise

Who urged monasteries to be closed and monks and nuns marrying?

Luther

Who did Luther marry and how many kids did they have?

Katharina von Bora, they had 6 children

What were Martin Luther's followers called?

Lutherans

Who was born in Switzerland in 1484, Erasmus influenced him to read the Bible, ordained as a priest, pastor of the largest church in Zurich, and understood salvation?

Ulrich Zwingli

Who was the most famous influential reformer after Luther?

John Calvin (he became a committed Protestant by 1533)

Who spent several years in exile in Geneva, which he called "the most perfect school of Christ", and he was Scottish reformer?

John Knox

What groups of people looked to Calvin as their founder and what did they call themselves?

Presbyterians and churches, many called themselves "Calvinists"

Who did Henry VIII appoint as the new Archbishop of Canterbury and what did the new archbishop declare?

Thomas Cranmer, he declared Henry's marriage invalid so he could remarry

Who was a strong Catholic that removed all Protestants and married clergy, many people were imprisoned and killed?

Bloody Mary (Mary I)

What is Thomas Cranmer most known for?

Thrusting his "unworthy" hand into the fire

Who led the way in Netherland's Reformation?

William of Orange, called William the Silent