AP Gov Unit 1 Test Review: Federalists and Anti-Federalists, Federalist 10, Federalist 51, Brutus I

Federalists and Anti-Federalists, Federalist 10, Federalist 51, Brutus I

What were Federalists?

Supporters of the Constitution.

Who was the leader of the Federalists?

Alexander Hamilton (wealth merchants/landowners).

What did the Federalists believe?

There should be a strong national government and weak state governments, the government should be run by the elite, there shouldn't be a Bill of Rights.

Who were Anti-Federalists?

Opposers of the Constitution.

Who was the leader of the Anti- Federalists?

Thomas Jefferson (laborers/small farmers).

What was another name for Anti-Federalists?

Democratic-Republicans.

What did the Anti-Federalists believe?

There should be a weak national government and strong state governments, the government should be run by the common man, the should be a Bill of Rights.

What did James Madison do?

Reflected on how to rule by majority faction and advocates the expansion of the United States into a large, commercial republic.

What did Madison warn against?

Factions.

What has the Constitution designed?

A representative republic to control the effects of violence of factions.

What is the solution to dealing with factions?

Factions cannot be stopped so its effects must be controlled.

What are not cures for factions?

Destroying liberty and giving every citizen the same opinions.

What does Federalist 10 say?

A large faction is the best way to control factions and prevent majorities from oppressing minorities.

What does Federalist 51 say?

Explains how constitutional provisions of separation of powers and checks and balances control abuses by majorities.

What must be limited by the government to protect the rights of the majority?

The tyranny of the majority.

What does Brutus I say?

It argued against a strong central government, based on the belief that it would not be able to meet the needs of all U.S. citizens.

What was the only Anti-Federalist paper?

Brutus I.

What did Brutus I argue?

The Confederate system has been dismantled by the Constitution and Federal System has replaced it; leaving states powerless, the country is too large to be united under a republic, the people will never trust a republic government so large, a republic should be made up of similar people with similar interests; not diverse.

What did the supporters of Brutus I fear?

A pluralist and elite democracy.

Why did the supporters of Brutus I believe that the states were powerless?

The Necessary and Proper Clause and the Supremacy Clause grant the federal government seemingly limitless power, the federal government's power to tax grants is nearly limitless power. The presence and power of federal courts will leave state courts powerless.

Why did the supporters of Brutus I believe that the country is too large to be united under a republic?

The only successful republics in history have been small, popular sovereignty will be compromised by representation out of touch with their unknown constituents, the ideals of the people will be too diverse to be united under an effective government, the federal government will destroy state power.

Why did the supporters of Brutus I believe that people will never trust a republican government so large?

The existence of a standing army during peacetime would threaten the liberty of the people and their confidence in the government, without personally knowing their representatives; they cannot trust them, the representatives would abuse their power because they would be out of touch with their constituents and not feel bound to them.