Unit 6 APHG Review part 4 (91-119)

91. What is the term for small areas within a country that are granted favorable investment and trading conditions in order to attract industries?

A) Derelict landscape.

B) Export-Processing Zone (EPZ).

C) Non-Governmental Organization (NGO).

D) Import Substitution Region (ISR).

E) Columbian Exchange.

B

92. The rise of China economically has had which of the following impacts on the global economy?

A) Increased prices for consumers of manufactured goods.

B) Reinforced Europe's role in manufacturing.

C) Lowered the price of consumer goods on a global scale.

D) Caused world leaders to divest in China and Asia.

E) China's labor market has increase the cost of production.

C

93. Which of the following was not a policy the Chinese used to improve their economic standing in the world?

A) Created special economic zones to encourage production.

B) Followed an open door policy allowing trade with the world.

C) Increasingly moved towards a communist economic system in the early 21st century.

D) Investing in research and cutting edge industries of bio-technology and computer industry.

E) Encouraged foreign investment aimed at improving China's domestic industries and markets.

C

94. The wealthiest economic region in East Asia today is

A) China.

B) South Korea.

C) Japan.

D) Philippines.

E) Taiwan.

C

95. How did Japan develop so rapidly after being devastated from WWII?

A) They took advantage of a large labor force.

B) They flooded the world market with inexpensive goods.

C) They funneled profits into developing higher value goods

D) They spent twice as much money on research and development as the United States.

E) All of the above.

E

96. Which of the following country did many Asian countries follow as an example to development?

A) China.

B) Australia.

C) Japan.

D) Philippines.

E) India.

C

97. The process of producing parts or products in a foreign country for domestic use or sale is known as?

A) Ecumene.

B) Peak value intersection.

C) Outsourcing.

D) Quanternary activities.

E) Tapering principle.

C

98. The concept of outsourcing is fundamentally based on which of the following economic principles?

A) Comparative advantage.

B) Aggregation.

C) First effective settlement.

D) Uniform plane.

E) Renewable resources.

A

99. All of the following are advantages of outsourcing except

A) it can take advantage of low cost over-seas labor.

B) it creates competitive market for parts and supplies.

C) it provides more flexibility for companies.

D) it simplifies logistics of transportation of parts and products.

E) some countries have less restrictive environmental codes and regulations.

D

100. Ecotourism is most closely associated with which of the following development theories?

A) Appropriation.

B) Dependency.

C) Modernization.

D) Neoliberal Counterrevolution.

E) Sustainable development.

E

101. Which of the following best describes the objective of ecotourism?

A) Transform and exploit the natural beauty of an area into a tourist destination.

B) Create an environmentally-friendly tourist destination in an attempt to maintain the unique qualities of the region.

C) Create a small-scale representation of an environment to replace the previous environment which existed prior to tourism.

D) Develop the economy of an area with tourist attractions.

E) Develop a tourist economy based on large theme parks, hotels and restaurants that require a transformation of the local environment.

B

102. Which of the following best describes the Kuznet's curve related to development and pollution?

A) As a country's economy develops pollution levels increase.

B) As a country's economy industrializes, pollution will increase but as the population gets wealthier pollution will eventually decline.

C) Initially economic development leads to a decline in pollution levels but as a country becomes wealthier pollution increases.

D) The transformation from an industrial society to an agricultural society leads to pollution decline.

E) When a poor country gets richer, pollution declines.

B

103. Based on impact studies by climatologists and geographers which of the following is not a likely impact of global warming?

A) Decreasing ice in the Arctic.

B) Rising sea levels.

C) Low elevation coastal areas will have increased likelihood of flooding and loss of land.

D) Increasing intensity of tropical storms.

E) The most negatively impacted countries are likely to be highly developed countries of Europe and North America.

E

104. Acid rain most impacts which of the following regions?

A) Europe.

B) Antarctica.

C) Australia.

D) South America.

E) Sub-Saharan Africa.

A

105. All of the following are negative impacts of acid rain except

A. loss of aquatic life.

B. destruction of the ozone layer.

C. damage soil microorganisms.

D. reduction of food crop yields.

E. damage to marble and limestone buildings.

B

106. Which of the following statements is not an important element of the debt trap?

A) Periphery countries borrow money from core countries in order to establish new industries.

B) Many periphery countries want to create a diversified economy using import substitution concepts.

C) Core countries usually do not benefit from the products of periphery countries.

D) If the invested money does not yield enough returns the country borrows more money to pay off the existing loan.

E) The value of currencies in periphery countries is often not as valuable as core countries currencies.

C

107. To finance development, many countries have accumulated large foreign debts relative to their gross domestic product (GDP). As a result, large percentages of their national budgets must be used to repay loans. Which of the following regions in 2005 had the highest debt to GDP ratios?

A) East Asia.

B) Sub-Saharan Africa.

C) South America.

D) Australia.

E) East Europe.

B

108. Which of the following is the main purpose of alliances such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), European Union (EU) and Caribbean Community (CARICOM)?

A) Develop common defense policies in case of invasion or attack of one its member states.

B) Create common policies for member states that lead to lowering the cost of trade within the alliance.

C) Member countries work together in order to increase the cost of resources such as oil to non-member countries.

D) Develop a common currency between all member states.

E) The three alliances work together in order to improve automobile manufacturing on a global scale.

B

109. Which of the following best describes Rostow's model of economic development?

A) A country should invest equally across all sectors of the economy and protect new industries from international competition.

B) Governments should purchase and create companies within their border and slowly build the company.

C) Countries will proceed through a series of stages in which a country focuses on the development of industries in which it has a comparative advantage.

D) Focuses on developing economic and social institution that can be sustained without sacrificing or severely damaging the environment.

E) Countries should outsource industrial production to periphery countries in order to lower the cost of goods in the "Core".

C

110. All of the following are drawbacks to the self-sufficiency model of development except

A) it creates a large government bureaucracy.

B) it stifles competition.

C) it protects inefficient industries.

D) it encourages internal innovation.

E) it increases the price of goods for consumers.

D

111. Critiques of globalization processes would disagree with which of the following statements?

A) Globalization has intensified the difference in income between the core and periphery countries.

B) Globalization has lead to a homogenized consumer market for many parts of the world.

C) The effects of globalization could have a destabilizing effect upon the governments of many countries.

D) Globalization often creates tension between the interests of transnational corporations and local communities.

E) While both the core and periphery world benefit from globalization, the periphery benefits the most.

E

112. Advocates of globalization processes would disagree with which of the following statements?

A) The new international division of labor has lowered production costs thereby reducing the cost of goods to consumers.

B) The globalization of finance has increased the amount of capital available for projects around the world.

C) Globalization has induced a new technology system of robotics, biotechnology and information systems.

D) Not all people in a country benefit equally from globalization, but countries that engage in the global economy are better off than those that don't.

E) Globalization does not change people's culture or the type of jobs available in a country.

E

113. Loss of local ownership of companies, loss of control of local affairs, and change in culture are all potential negative impacts of which of the following processes?

A) Localization.

B) Multiplier.

C) Globalization.

D) Agglomeration.

E) Just-in-time production.

C

114. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Fair Trade movement?

A) Insure that a higher percentage of the profit in international trade goes to the producers in less developed countries.

B) Create international laws to ensure safe passage of cargo ships in the seas.

C) Increase tariffs and quotas on international trade.

D) Protect the interests of investors of multinational corporations.

E) Create a common market with few trade regulations in Europe.

A

115. The overall purpose of micro loan development strategy is to

A) provide small-scale loans to individuals to create sustainable start up industries in less developed regions.

B) provide large scale loans to less developed countries in order to build large infrastructure projects like dams and roads.

C) create an international bank for countries to borrow money in order to stabilize their currencies.

D) create an international organization to invest in science research and development.

E) generate capital for multinational corporations to invest in factories in less developed countries.

A

116. The gender empowerment index (GEM) attempts to measure the influence of women in a society by indexing woman's income, participation in labor force, professional jobs and political influence. Which of the following regions scored the lowest on the GEM index in 2002?

A) North America.

B) Eastern Europe.

C) Middle East.

D) East Asia.

E) South America.

C

117. As mandated by the United Nations (UN) international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can serve all of the following criteria except

A) be a for profit organization.

B) have a clear mission statement consistent with the United Nations goals and objectives.

C) provide a variety of services and humanitarian aid to a country's people.

D) bring citizens' concerns to the government or UN.

E) provide funding and expertise to local development projects.

A

118. Which of the following economic activities is least likely to be classified as part of the informal economy?

A) Begging.

B) Organized crime.

C) Child labor.

D) Government employee.

E) Home dressmaker.

D

119. Which of the following statements best describes the informal sector of the economy?

A) Economic activities that are not regulated or taxed by governments.

B) Economic activity that is used to determine a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

C) Benefits of economic activities that are realized from producing large quantities of a good or service.

D) Decline in industrial employment in core regions.

E) Large farms that specialize in the production of one crop for market.

A