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What do Standard Precautions apply to?

All patients and all body fluids except sweat.

What type of room is required for airborne diseases?

Negative pressure room with the door closed.

What PPE is required for airborne precautions?

standard PPE with n95 mask

What precautions are used for Influenza A?

Droplet precautions.

What PPE is required for contact precautions?

Gown and gloves.

What should you do if a sterile field is contaminated?

Discard it and start over.

What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of disease

hand washing

What is the reservoir in the chain of infection?

the host

What are the 5 stages of grief?

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.

Give an example of denial.

this cant be happening to me

What is anticipatory grief?

grieving before the loss occurs

What is bereavement

the period after loss

What is dysfunctional grief?

Prolonged or abnormal grieving.

What does a DNR order mean

do not resusitate

What statement shows acceptance?

“I am at peace with what is happening.”

What are the two main domains of self-concept?

self esteem and self identity

What is a key therapeutic communication technique?

Encouraging expression of feelings

What determines physical traits like eye color?

genetics

How do infants explore the world in Freud’s oral stage?

through the mouth

What has the strongest influence on adolescents?

peers

What is important when assessing older adults?

allowing extra time for response

How can spirituality affect patient care?

It influences health practices and decisions.

What is the nurse’s role in spiritual care?

respect and support patient beliefs

What provides strong support for many patients?

religious fellowship

Who is at highest risk for sensory deprivation?

ICU patients

What helps comfort toddlers?

Familiar objects like blankets or toys.

How should you care for patients with dementia?

Provide calm environment, routines, and familiar items.

What is the priority in oral care for unconscious patients?

prevent aspiration

What situations require mandatory reporting?

Child abuse, rape, elder abuse.

When is an incident report required?

Falls, medication errors, near misses, HIPAA violations.

What is the leading cause of injury death in older adults

falls

What are two patient identifiers?

Full name and date of birth.

What is required before using restraints?

provider order

What are restraint rules?

Last resort, least restrictive, try alternatives first.

What is the purpose of room orientation?

prevent injury and reduce confusion

What is the most common occupational hazard

needlestick injury

What should be used for language barriers?

trained interpreters

What should you assess if a patient refuses food?

cultural beliefs

What is part of cultural competence?

Awareness of personal bias and respecting beliefs.

What does holistic care include?

Physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being.