________ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the human central nervous system.
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Alanine
________ is one of the 20 amino acids generated from proteins.
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placement of substituents
Numbers are used to denote the ________ relative to the carboxyl group when naming derivatives.
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COOH
The ring's atoms are numbered starting with the carbon- containing the- ________ group.
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Grignard reagent
When a(n) ________ is treated with carbon dioxide (CO2), it produces the magnesium salt of a carboxylic acid, which, when protonated with aqueous acid, yields a carboxylic acid.
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carboxylic acid
When a(n) ________ is treated with diazomethane (CH2N2), a methyl ester is produced in high yield.
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oxidation of primary alcohols
The ________ and aldehydes can be used to produce carboxylic acids.
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lithium aluminum
Although heating is necessary, ________ hydride (LiAlH4) converts a carboxylic acid to a primary alcohol.
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Fischer esterification
________ is the process of producing an ester by combining a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid.
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Adipic acid
________ is one of two monomers needed to create the polymer nylon 66.
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Terephthalic acid
________ is one of two organic components necessary for the manufacture of Dacron polyester, often known as Dacron.
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Dicarboxylic acids
________ are referred to as- dioic acids, and the parent chain contains both carboxyl groups.
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Benzoic acid
________ is the most basic aromatic carboxylic acid.
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Electron
________- withdrawing substituents next to the carboxyl group increase its acidity through the inductive action.
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term oxalic acid
The ________ comes from one of its biological sources, plants of the genus Oxalis, one of which being rhubarb.
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carboxylic acid
In a(n) ________, the a- position is adjacent to the carboxyl group; an a- substituent in a common name is equal to a 2- substituent in an IUPAC name.
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carboxylic acid
A(n) ________ with a carboxyl group attached to a cycloalkane ring is called by first giving the ring's name and then adding the suffix- ________.
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