Unsinger WW1

Nationalism

excessive love or patriotism for one’s country

alliances

groups of governments who united toward a common goal in the war

militarism

policies and public beliefs glorifying having a strong army

propaganda

one-sided information presented as fact designed to persuade and keep up morale in the war

reparations

compensation for damages or economic losses, paid by the losers of a war

ultimatum

a set of demands to prevent war

“over the top”

leaving the trenches of war to advance, having no cover or protection

Stalemate

a standstill, a situation in which neither party can advance

Schlieffen Plan

Germany’s plan in the war - first crush France by going through neutral Belgian land, then Russia, avoiding a two-front war

Zimmerman Note

a 1917 agreement between Germany and Mexico - “if you support us in the war, we’ll help you reclaim some of the US’s land north of you”

Franz Ferdinand

then-heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, assassinated by Serbs - this kicked off the war

Kaiser Wilhelm II

ruler of Germany during the war - strong militarist, some blame him for the outbreak of war

Woodrow Wilson

US president during war - proposed Fourteen Points (plan to promote peace after war)

Why did the United States declare war on Germany?

* they believed they could combat Germany’s blockade
* They feared that Germany would help Mexico “reclaim” land on the border

Describe the role of women during World War I.

* replaced fighting men in factories, shops, and offices
* ran hospitals, farms, etc.
* kept troops supplied w/ food, clothing, weapons

What were some of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points of Peace?

* end secret treaties
* be more fair to those colonized
* __self-determination__ - people should choose what type of government they live under
* form the __League of Nations__ - an association of gov’ts to keep peace

How did wartime governments attempt to control national economies and public opinion?

* propaganda
* rationing food and other supplies
* raising taxes and borrowing money

Describe how new weapons/technology affected the course of the war.

* industrialized countries were stronger than those who weren’t yet
* trenches were viable

Why did Serbian Nationalists (Black Hand) plot the assassination of Franz Ferdinand?

* wanted the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia and Herzegovina to join Serbia
* The assassination would set this off
* Would have led to a united Serbia

Describe trench warfare.

* Soldiers lived in muddy trenches dug in the fronts
* Would sometimes “pop up” to shoot or throw a grenade
* Would trigger aggression from both sides
* Area between trenches was very unsafe