AP CSP Unit 3

string

A linear sequence of characters, words, or other data.

Dichotomous

In which something can only be one thing or another (Yes or No).

Bits

The foundation to digital computing (1s and 0s) - short for binary digits.

State space

The space of potential possibilities.

ASCII

The table outlines a common set of conventions established for converting between binary values and alphanumeric (represents 128 different characters).

Digital Noise

Irrelevant or meaningless data that has found its way into otherwise meaningful code.

Bit String

A sequence of bits that can be used to represent sets or to manipulate binary data.

Unicode

A binary encoding system that can represent much more of the world's text than ASCII can (represents 65,536 different characters).

Morse Code

A code where letters are represented by combinations of long and short signals of light or sound.

Fixed-point numbers

Numbers where the decimal point is always in the same place.

Baudot Code

A binary code that uses crosses and dots in order to encode 2^5 or 32 characters.

Analog

Non-digital signals or information represented by a continuously variable physical quantity such as spatial position or voltage.

Variable-width encoding (Ex: Morse Code)

Using codes of different lengths to encode a character set for representation

Fixed-width encoding (Ex: Baudot Code)

Using codes with a fixed width to encode a character set for representation

Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)

U.S. copyright law enacted in 1998 that restricts access and ownership of electronic and digital media.

Linear Search

A method for finding a target value within a list (presorted or not) by checking each value until a match is found or until all the elements have been searched.

Procedure

A group of blocks that are combined to perform a specific task.

Substring

A subset of a string of alphanumeric fields or variables.

Scientific Notation

The mathematical representation of a decimal number in floating-point form.