Bio chemistry of life ch1

Atoms

Fundamental building blocks of all substances

Molecules

Consisting of two or more atoms

Cell

The smallest unit of life

Tissue

Specialized cells organized to perform a collective function

Organ

Structural unit of interacting tissues

Organ system

A set of interacting organs

Multicelled organism

An individual consisting of one or more cells

Population

Individuals of the same species in the same area

Community

Populations of all species in the same area

Ecosystem

A community and its environment

Biosphere

All regions of Earth where organisms live

Biodiversity

Scope of variation among living organisms

Nucleus

A sac with two membranes that encloses and protects a cell’s DNA

Bacteria

The most diverse and well known group of single celled organisms that lack a nucleus

Archaea

Single celled organisms that lack a nucleus but are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria

Eukaryotes

Organisms whose DNA is contained within a nucleus

Protists

The simplest eukaryotes

Fungi

Multicelled eukaryotes such as mushrooms

Plants

Multicelled eukaryotes that live on land or in freshwater environments

Animals

Multicelled consumers that ingest tissues or juices of other organisms

Taxonomy

Science of naming and classifying species

Genus

A group of species that share a unique set of features

Specific epithet

Added to genus name to designate one species

Science

A process to understand things

Scientific method

Observation, hypothesize, experiment, accept or reject the hypothesis

first step of evolution

Chemical evolution, C, H, O N

Second step of evolution

Formed macromolecules, proteins, lipids, carbs, nucleic acids

Third step of evolution

Cell membrane formed

fourth step of evolution

Organelles, prokaryotes

Fifth step of evolution

Eukaryotes

Endosymbiotic theory

Eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes

Evidence of endosymbiosis

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes, have their own DNA, and can reproduce on their own outside a cell