Horse Breeds

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26 Terms

1

Andalusian

  • Originated in Andalusia, Spain

  • Purebred Spanish horse

  • Major influence of Lipizzaner

  • Most gray

  • 15.2-16.2hh

<ul><li><p>Originated in Andalusia, Spain</p></li><li><p>Purebred Spanish horse</p></li><li><p>Major influence of Lipizzaner </p></li><li><p>Most gray</p></li><li><p>15.2-16.2hh</p></li></ul><p></p>
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2

Appaloosa

  • Originated in US

  • 14-16hh

  • Bred by Nez perce Native Americans

  • Must have 3 characteristics - white sclera, mottled skin, striped hooves

  • Coat patterns: leopard complex genes, blanket, blanket with spots, roan, roan blanket with spots, solid

<ul><li><p>Originated in US</p></li><li><p>14-16hh</p></li><li><p>Bred by Nez perce Native Americans</p></li><li><p>Must have 3 characteristics - white sclera, mottled skin, striped hooves</p></li><li><p>Coat patterns: leopard complex genes, blanket, blanket with spots, roan, roan blanket with spots, solid</p></li></ul><p></p>
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3

Arabian

  • Originated in Arabia- Bedouin people

  • Bred for endurance

  • 14.1-15.1 hh

  • Dished face, large eyes, nostrils, teacup muzzle, high held tail

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4

Belgian

  • Originated in Belgium

  • Chestnut with blonde mane and tail

  • 17hh 2000lbs

  • Genetic disorder: junctional epidermolysis bullosa

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5

Clydesdale

  • Originated in Scotland - river clyde

  • 16-18hh, 1800-2000 lbs

  • White face and legs

  • Often have Sabino markings

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6

Dutch Warmblood

  • Originated in Netherlands

  • Governs breeding

  • KWPN

  • Rigorous process for approved stallions

  • Open stud book

  • Typically taller than 15.2 hh

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7

Friesian

  • Originated from Northern Netherlands

  • 14.2 hh- 17hh

  • Developed from Medieval war horses

  • Baroque body

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8

Haflinger

  • Originated from Hafling, Austria (Now Italy)

  • 13.2-15hh

  • Always chestnut

  • First horse to be cloned

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9

Hanoverian

  • Originated from Hanover, Germany

  • Rigorous breeding qualifications for studbook - Hanoverian Verband

  • 15.3-17.2 hh

  • Sport horse

  • Solid colors

  • DOD- developmental orthopedic disease

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10

Icelandic ponies

  • Originated from Iceland

  • 13-14 hh, 700-850 lbs

  • Unique gaits

  • tolt- running walk

  • skold- flying pace

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11

Lipizzaner

  • Originated from Spain

  • Breed registry established 1580- Lipizza (Slovenia)

  • Hapsburgs Dynasty - Spain and Austrailia

  • 8 stallions

  • Spanish riding school in Vienna (1735)

  • Grey, Baroque body style

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12

Morgan

  • Originated in US

  • Justin Morgan

  • Foaled as “Figure”

  • Late 1700’s

  • Chestnut, bay, brown

  • Blood in standardbreds, and TWH

  • Black Hawl

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13

Fjord

  • Originated in Norway

  • Viking burial sites 2000 years ago

  • Primitive color

  • Light draft

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14

Paint

  • Originated in US

  • American Paint Horse Association

  • 2nd largest breed registry in US

  • Stocky

  • Sire and dam must be registered through APHA, AQHA. or jockey club

  • Colors- tobiano, overo, sabino, tovero

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15

Paso Fino

  • Originated in Spain

  • Fine step

  • Puerto Rico and Columbia

  • Peruvian Paso

  • Natural gait, paso, ambling gait

  • PR paso-tiger eye

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16

Percheron

  • Originated in La perche, Normandy, France

  • Black and gray

  • Lack of feathers

  • Work, meat

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17

QH

  • Originated in US

  • Named for running a quarter of a mile at 55mph

  • Highly versatile- rodeo, ranch work, western

  • Largest breed registry in world (3m)

  • Bred from english thoroughbreds (Janus) and native horses (Spanish)

  • Sprint races

  • Colonial QH + mustang = cow sense

  • AQHA- 1940

  • Appendix - TB x QH

  • Muscular, compact, short cannon, hocks low, stocky

  • Halter type, racing type, hunter type

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18

Saddlebred

  • Foundation sire- Denmark

  • Morgan, Narragansett pacer, Canadian pacer, thoroughbred

  • Second Sire - Harrison Chief

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19

Shetland Pony

  • Originated from Shetland Isles- Scotland

  • Max height - 42 inches

  • Pit ponies

  • Shetland pony stud book started in 1890

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20

Shire

  • Originated from England

  • Used to be called English Great Horse, Old English Black, Lincolnshire, Packington Blind horse (Foundation Sire, 1755)

  • Shire horse society - 1884

  • Usually tallest and largest weight of draft horses

  • Mammoth- 21.2 hh, 3360 lbs

  • Roman nose

  • Black, gray, chestnut, bay

  • 17.2 hh

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21

Standardbred

  • Originated in US

  • American trotting horse- harness racing

  • Named for trotting a mile in less than standard time- 2:30 min

  • Foundation Sires: Messenger (thoroughbred)/ Hambletonian 10

  • Narragansett pacer

  • Canadian pacer

  • Thoroughbred

  • Morgan

  • Hackney

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22

TWH

  • Originated in TN registry 1935

  • Foundation sire: Allan F-1 Black Allan, 1886 closed stud book

  • Morgan x Standardbred

  • Blood from pacers, Spanish

  • Rocking canter, running walk

  • Flat footed/shod

  • Pleasure horses, many disciplines

  • 50% natural shoe length

  • Wear action devices, tail sets

  • USEF doesn’t recognize any of these shows

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23

Thoroughbred

  • Originated in England

  • Racehorses

  • Foundation sires + English mares

  • Darley Arabian

  • Godolphin Arabian

  • Byerly Turk

  • All foaled 1679-1724

  • General studbook-1791

  • Jan 1st bday

  • No AI breeding

  • Tatted on lip for ID

  • 16 hh, solid colors primarily

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24

Welsh Pony

  • Originated from Wales <1600

  • Slightly larger than shetlands

  • Welsh Pony and Cob Society - 1901

  • A-smallest: Welsh Mountain Pony < 12 hh UK 12.2 US

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25

Rare breeds

fewer than 5000

  • Canadian, Lipizzaner, Rocky Mountain

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26

Critical breeds

fewer than 3000

  • Akhal Teke

  • Suffolk

  • Cleveland Bay

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