Mythology (CC205) Unit one

Daphne's transformation illustrates the role of ____ in myth.

etymology

Etiological (aetiological) myths tell stories that present the ____ of human practices or natural phenomena

causes or reasons

A scholar in Rome in the 1st century B.C.E, ___ elaborated three (3) views of ancient gods (the religious-civic gods; the theatrical-literary gods; the philosophical).

Varro

Which of these does NOT take the "ritualist" view of true myth?

Sigmund Freud

Which of these does NOT take the "ritualist" view of true myth?

Claude Levi-Strauss

___ argued that true myths are "nature" tales--they are allegories about nature and natural phenomena.

Max Müller

___ thought the core of true myth engaged tellers and audience in the religious mystery of restoring the primal first moment of cosmic creation.

Mircea Eliade

A ancient Greek writer from around 300 B.C.E., ___ rationalized classical myth by arguing that the gods were really men and women who wanted to be thought of and treated as gods and goddess.

Euhemerus

Check all that were major developments in the 19th century that influenced how western scholars constructed "mythology" as a topic of academic study.

science, colonization, missionary efforts around the world

Which of these traits have been associated with "true myth"? (Check one or MORE)

Primitive beliefs, mistaken ideas, preliterary tales (oral storytelling)

Which best defines "etymology"?

an explanation of a word's origin

Which character in Greco-Roman myth has a name that means "bay" "bay tree"?

Daphne

The father Gus Portakalos in My Big Fat Greek Wedding, explains how __ are really Greek in origin by using folk etymology?

kimonos

Which scholar developed the idea of "rites of passage," which has influenced theories about patterns of action in hero stories?

Arnold van Gennep

What kind of Myth was recited at high secular occasions (for example, feasts in the house of a chieftain) to praise heroes thought, perhaps, to have existed long ago in a noble family?

Epos (epic)/legend

What kind of myth had only gods as characters and was recited for gods at their temples?

Hieros mythos

What school of scholars thought "true myths" were mostly narratives connected to rituals?

ritualists

___ thought that myths operate like social "charters," because they endorse or support a society's assumptions and social practices.

Bronislaw Malinowski

___ thought that myths often expressed archetypes, major thematic pattern-symbols making up what he called the "collective unconscious."

Carl Jung

Anima/Animus; hieros gammos; axis mundi

These terms are best thought to name examples of ___.

archetypes

According to Aristotle, which is more "philosophical" because it aims to portray universal cultural truths that probably would/could shape suffering and experience now or in the future?

Myth-Poetry

For Aristotle, ___ is more concerned with telling particulars--for example, what particular persons said and did, what particular things they did and said, and at what time they did them.

History

Which approach to myth is most interested in discovering the underlying binary opposites that shape a tale's characters, actions, and values?

structuralist approach

Who studied Russian folktales and identified in them 21 "motifemes" (sequentially ordered theme-units)?

Vladimir Propp

Who applied the motifeme approach to ancient Greek myth but argued that historical-social circumstance determined what elements appeared in different versions of a tale?

Walter Burkert

___ thought that Greek myths revealed much about the dynamics of human sexual libido and developed the Oedipus Complex about it based upon the Greek story.

Sigmund Freud

Who thought that the human mind could be divided into three parts: ego, id, and superego.

Sigmund Freud

Which psychoanalytic idea most closely represents the demands of society or social structure?

superego

Who portrayed the human psyche (mind or soul) in a "myth" (allegorical image) of a charioteer attempting to control two, contrary-minded, horses (one aiming toward true goals, another driven by its own appetite)?

Plato

Which of these terms best correspond to the notion of a symbolic union or marriage of opposites?

hieros gamos