SS 2nd Quarter (Danyel)

Conformity

Conformity

SOCIAL PHENOMENON THAT OCCURS WHEN INDIVIDUALS ADJUST THEIR ATTITUDES, BELIEFS, OR BEHAVIORS TO MATCH THOSE OF A GROUP

Conformity

CAN BE MOTIVATED BY VARIOUS FACTORS, SUCH AS THE DESIRE TO FIT IN WITH A GROUP, THE NEED FOR SOCIAL APPROVAL

Informational Conformity

(Type of Conformity) occurs when individuals conform to the beliefs or behaviors of a group because they believe

the group has accurate information or knowledge.

Normative Conformity

(Type of Conformity) occurs when individuals conform to the norms or expectations of a group to avoid social

rejection or disapproval

Deviance

A TERM USED TO DESCRIBE BEHAVIOR THAT GOES AGAINST THE NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS OF A PARTICULAR SOCIETY OR GROUP

Deviance

IS NOT AN OBJECTIVE CHARACTERISTIC OF BEHAVIOR, BUT RATHER A SUBJECTIVE JUDGMENT MADE BY MEMBERS OF A SOCIAL GROUP BASED ON THEIR CULTURAL NORMS

Symbolic Interactionist

(Theories of Deviance) A THEORETICAL APPROACH THAT CAN BE USED TO EXPLAIN

HOW SOCIETIES AND/OR SOCIAL GROUPS COME TO VIEW BEHAVIORS AS DEVIANT OR

CONVENTIONAL.

Differential Association Theory

(Theories of Deviance) STATES THAT WE LEARN TO BE DEVIANT THROUGH OUR ASSOCIATIONS WITH DEVIANT PEERS.

Labeling Theory

(Theories of Deviance) CLAIMS THAT DEVIANCE IS A CONSEQUENCE OF EXTERNAL JUDGEMENTS, OR LABELS, WHICH BOTH MODIFY THE INDIVIDUAL'S SELF-CONCEPT AND CHANGE THE WAY OTHERS RESPOND TO THE LABELED PERSON.

Environmental Theory

(Theories of Deviance) THE IDEA THAT A PERSON'S INTERACTION WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT CAUSES DEVIANT BEHAVIOR

Pyschological Trauma

(Theories of Deviance) DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IS CAUSED BY PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA. EMOTIONAL SCARS, NEGATIVE EXPERIENCE AND ABUSE ARE THE MAIN CAUSES OF NEGATIVE BEHAVIOR.

Stigma

term for any physical social attribute that devalues a person’s identity which may exclude those who are devalues from the normal social interactions

Erving Goffman

made the term stigma

Physical

(type of stigma) including physical or mental impairments

Moral

(type of stigma) signs of flawed character

Tribal

(type of stigma) membership in a discredited or oppressed group

In Group

YOUR IDENTITY WITHIN THE GROUP IS CONFIRMED AND YOU IDENTIFY WITH THAT GROUP

Out Groups

NO ONE CONFIRMS YOUR SIMILARITY WITHIN THE GROUP; MAY FEEL A SENSE OF COMPETITIVENESS OR HOSTILITY

Primary Group

(Groups within the society) lasting relatioship

Secondary Group

(Groups within the society) companies, professional organizations n corporations

Intermediate Groups

(Groups within the society) Social Media

Reference Groups

group that determines the reference point of the expected behavior or norm and has strong influence

Networks

set of links, ties and relations between people and social groups

Diffusion

(Function of Social Networks) REFERS TO THE SPREAD OF INFORMATION, IDEAS, OR BEHAVIORS THROUGH A SOCIAL NETWORK. IN A SOCIAL NETWORK THAT DEPENDS ON TRUST ON THE INFO GIVER

Exchanges

(Function of Social Networks) IN A SOCIAL NETWORK REFER TO THE FLOW OF RESOURCES, INFORMATION, AND SUPPORT AMONG INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE CONNECTED BY SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS.

Social Support

(Function of Social Networks)CAN TAKE MANY FORMS, INCLUDING EMOTIONAL SUPPORT, SUCH AS LISTENING OR PROVIDING COMFORT, AND INSTRUMENTAL SUPPORT, SUCH AS PROVIDING TANGIBLE RESOURCES OR ASSISTANCE)

Exclusion

(Function of Social Networks) EXCLUSION FROM A SOCIAL GROUP REFERS TO THE ACT OF BEING INTENTIONALLY LEFT OUT OR OSTRACIZED FROM A GROUP OF PEOPLE WITH WHOM ONE WOULD NORMALLY BE EXPECTED TO INTERACT

Kinship

REFERS TO THE SOCIAL TIES AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS BASED ON THEIR BIOLOGICAL OR SOCIAL CONNECTIONS

Polygamy

someone having multiple marriage partners

Polygyny

man having multiple wife

Polyandry

woman having more than one husband

Monogamy

Sexually exclusive marriage to tone spouse

Exogamy

practice of selecting mates from outisde grou[

Endogamy

Practice of selecting mates within one’s group

Incest Taboo

cultural norm forbidding sexual relations between certain kinPro

Property and Descent

Kinship systems that shape the distribution of property in the society

Patrilineal kinship systems

(Property and Descent) family lineage is traced through the family of father

Matrilineal kinship systems

(Property and Descent) are those in which ancestry is traced through mother

bilateral kinship systems

(Property and Descent) descent is traced through both mother and father

Place of Residence

US: married couples are expected to establish independent households

Patrilocal

(Place of Residence) woman is seperated to her kinship groups and resides to the husband/ his kinship group

Matrilocal kinship systems woman continues to live with her famly of orgin

(Place of Residence)

Neolocal Residence

(Place of Residence) new couple establishing their own residence

Patriarchy

MEN = POWER

Matriarchy

WOMEN=POWER

Egalitarian Society

MEN= WOMEN

Extended Family

network of parents ,children ,relatives

Nuclear Family

comprises of one married couple with their children

Step Families

Blended families due to divorce

religion

involves a set of symbols that arouses feeling of reverence and awe and are linked to ceremonial rituals

Economy

how human and natural resources are developed and utilized

Property

(Economy) tights and duties of one person against others with respect to some scarce goods

Private property

(Economy - P) relatively free from direct state controls

Public Property

(Economy - P) Controlled by a sub section of government

Technology

knowledge skills and attitudes necessary to convert available resources to anything needed

Division of Labor

differentiation of functions performed by the individual member/small groups

Organization of works

Application of sociological principles to the study of economical structure

Government

institution entrusted with enforcing rules of society

Power

Ability to do something in order to achieve desired outcome

Authority

Legitimate Power

Social Change

refers to changes in the social structures, institutions, and practices of a society. It can include changes in political systems, economic systems, and social relations. can be intentional or unintentional

Cultural Change

refers to changes in the beliefs, values, and behaviors of a society. It can include changes in language, religion, art, music, fashion, and other aspects of culture. Cultural change can be intentional or unintentional

Revolution

A revolution is a fundamental and rapid change in a society's political, economic, or social structures. There are several types of revolution, and they can be categorized in different ways depending on the criteria used

Political Revolution

(Revolution) aims to overthrow government and replace it with a new one

Social revolution

(Revolution) aims to change the social and cultural roles of the society

Economic Revolution

(Revolution) seeks to transform the economic structures of society

Technological Revolution

(Revolution) rapid and fundamental change in technology and tools used in the society

Cultural Revolution

(Revolution) aims to change cultural norms and practices of society

Non Violent Revolution

(Revolution) Peaceful Protests and civil disobedience

Violent Revolution

(Revolution) uses force/conflict ,often involving war to overthrow current government/ social order