Dance History 90A Final Quiz Review

First archaeological proof of dance

9-thousand-year-old cave paintings in India

Ritual dance

A symbolic action repeated for meaning

Ceremonial dance

Performed by enacting strictly prescribed rituals

Garfinkel's phases of dance history

Courtship dance; rites of passage; trance; calendrical rituals; professional dance

Iconography

Identifies and describes visual symbols in art

Iconology

Interprets deeper cultural and philosophical meanings behind symbols

Four qualities of dance

Body; Effort; Space; Shape

Axial movement

Stationary movement

Locomotor movement

Traveling movement

Doris Humphrey gesture categories

Social; functional; ritual; emotional

Effort

Quality of movement: weight; space; time; flow

Kinesphere approaches

Central; transverse; peripheral organization of space

Pathways

Floor patterns and movement directions (direct/indirect)

Shape forms

Pin; Wall; Ball; Screw; Pyramid

Ethnic dance

All dance is culturally rooted

Indigenous dance

Connected to ancestral land and culture

Folk dance

Traditional communal dance tied to daily life and celebration

Theatricalized folk

Staged folk dance

Choreophobia

Fear or rejection of dance in religion/culture

Cosmic dance (Egypt)

Movement symbolizing universal balance and divine interaction

Ma'at

Egyptian concept of cosmic order; women as temple dancers

Abydos Passion Play

Ritual drama honoring Osiris' death and resurrection

Raqs Sharqi

Egyptian "Oriental dance" with ancient and folk roots

Temple of Dionysus

First known theatre spaces in Ancient Greece

Chorus (Greek drama)

Provides commentary and bridges actors to audience

Orchestra

"Dancing space" in Greek theatre

Skene

Backdrop/hut structure behind stage

Theatron

Audience seating or "seeing place"

Greek military dances

Tetracomos; Podism; Homos; Xiphism; Geranos

Tsakonikos

Greek labyrinth-inspired ritual dance

Kalamatianos

Social Greek dance with "slow-quick-quick" pattern

Roman pantomime

Solo storytelling through gestures and masks

Ludi Romani

Festival honoring Jupiter with plays and races

Lupercalia

Roman fertility/purification festival later suppressed by Church

Dies Festi

Religious festival days honoring gods

Fabulae praetextae

Roman tragedies based on historical events

Pax deorum

Ritual perfection required for peace with the gods

Etruscan spectacles

Gladiatorial funerary contests and chariot racing

Los Concheros

Aztec/Spanish syncretic religious dance using rattles and conchas

Voladores de Papantla

Four flyers descending from pole representing cosmos and directions

Sufi Whirling

Spiritual turning prayer channeling divine reality

Takamba

Songhai/Tuareg praise dance for warriors and nobles

Haka

Māori dance expressing identity and community strength

Egungun

Yoruba masquerade honoring ancestors with drumming

Ashanti Kete

Royal Ghanaian dance reinforcing king's authority

Dogon Dama

Masked funeral ritual restoring cosmic balance and Nyama

Adumu (Maasai)

Jumping warrior initiation dance showing strength

Balinese dance

Hindu-Buddhist influenced sacred/semi-sacred/secular dance forms

Agem

Fundamental asymmetric stance in Balinese dance

Bharatanatyam

Classical Indian temple dance with expressive storytelling and mudras

Odissi

Devotional temple dance for Lord Jagannath

Kathak

Storytelling dance later shaped by bhakti devotion

Kathakali

Temple dance-drama using intense mime

Apsaras

Celestial dancers in Hindu and Buddhist mythology

Bugaku

Slow stylized Japanese imperial court dance with Gagaku music

Kabuki

Popular theatre form with dance and dramatic costume changes

Kagura

Shinto ritual dance "God's entertainment"

Cham

Tibetan Buddhist masked dance driving away spiritual negativity

Sakuting

Filipino stick dance preserving Arnis under Spanish rule

Carole

Medieval European communal circle dance

Pageant wagons

Mobile stages for Mystery/Morality/Miracle plays

Dancing Plague of 1518

Dance mania due to stress, superstition, or psychogenic illness

Los Seises

Liturgical Spanish dance by choir boys that survived bans