Biology, Observation, Cognition

Learning preparedness

The readiness or ability of an organism to learn certain types of information based on its biological predispositions.

Instinctive drift

The tendency for an animal to revert to instinctive behaviors that interfere with the conditioned response.

Cognitive map

A mental representation of one's physical environment, allowing for navigation and understanding of spatial relationships.

Latent learning

Learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement and is not immediately reflected in behavior until a reward is presented.

Observational learning

Learning that occurs by watching others and imitating their actions, rather than through direct experience.

Modeling

The process of learning behaviors by observing and imitating others, often used in social learning theory.

Mirror neurons

Neurons that fire both when an individual acts and when they observe the same action performed by another, playing a role in empathy and learning.

Prosocial behavior

Voluntary behavior intended to benefit others, such as helping, sharing, or cooperating.

Antisocial behavior

Behavior that is harmful or disruptive to social order, often violating societal norms or laws.

Testing Effect

The phenomenon where retrieving information through testing enhances long-term retention of that information.