WBC pools

marginal pool

WBCs adhered to walls of blood vessels

Circulating pool

WBCs in blood stream

mature WBCs are split 50/50 between

marginal and circulating pool

WBCs in circulating pool can leave to

site of infection and replaced by cells in marginal pool

circulating pool is shown on

blood film

Leukogram includes

differential and WBC count

WBC count is done by a

machine

WBC count can be manual using a

hemocytometer

differential

% of each type of WBC

influences on WBC count

age, species, estrus, digestion

puppies and kittens normally have an

increased WBC count

piglets normally have a

decreased WBC count

domestics most common WBC

neutrophils

ruminants most common WBC

lymphocytes

estrus can

increase WBC count

cats and dogs after eating have

increased WBC count

Digestion does not affect

ruminants WBC count

-penia

lack of or decrease

-cytosis

increase of agranulocytes

-philia

increase of granulocytes

left shift

increased immature neutrophils

maturation of neutrophils

progranulocyte, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, bands, mature neutrophils

left shift can be

degenerative or regenerative

regenerative left shift is

favorable

regenerative left shift means

increased neutrophils and overall WBC count

slight regenerative left shift

increased bands

moderate regenerative left shift

increased bands and metamyelocytes

marked regenerative left shift

increased bands, metamyelocytes, myelocytes

degenerative left shift means

total WBC count can be normal, low, falling

degenerative left shift can be

moderate or marked

right shift

increased WBCs with hypersegmented nucelus

right shift is rearely seen in

domestics