chemistry 6.7 - alkenes

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?

Unsaturated - can make more binds with extra atoms in addition reactions

What causes covalent bonds to form?

Atomic orbitals overlap because the nuclei are attracted by electrostatic attractions to the bonding electrons = electrons are shared

What type of bond are single covalent bonds in organic and what is it?

Sigma bonds - formed when 2 orbitals overlap head on = highest possible electron density between the nuclei = strong electrostatic attractions = high bond enthalpy (energy needed to break one mole of a specific covalent bond in a molecule, with all substances in the gaseous state)

Strongest type of covalent bond

What type of bond are single covalent bonds in organic and what is it?

Sigma and pi bond - pi bond formed when 2 (p/d) orbitals interact sideways = electron density spread out above and below the sigma bond = weaker electrostatic attraction between electrons and nuclei = weaker than sigma bonds. Also they are easier to access so can be broken more easily