Respiratory care

what are signs of respiratory distress in a child?

retractions, head bobbing, nasal flaring, circumoral cyanosis, grunting, tracheal tugging

what are the steps of using a MDI (metered dose inhaler)?

attach spacer deep breath in and out press inhaler and deep breath for 3-5 seconds hold breath for 5-10 seconds remove inhaler and exhale one minute between each puff

what are the benefits of chest physiotherapy?

helps loosen secretions, administer bronchodilator, used with cystic fibrosis

where the risk factors of asthma?

family hx, allergies, male, exposure to tobacco, low birth weight, black, overweight

what are findings of asthma?

chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, audible, coarse lung sounds, wheezing, mucus, short panting

what diagnostics are used for asthma?

pulmonary function test, spirometry, peak flow meter, xray

examples of saba

albuterol, levalbuterol

examples of laba

Formoterol, salmeterol

examples of cholinergic antagonists for asthma

atropine, ipratropium

examples of corticosteroids for asthma

prednisone, fluticasone

what are the two types of croup?

acute spasmodic laryngitis

acute laryngotracheobronchitis

what croup disorder happens at night?

acute spasmodic laryngitis

s/s of acute spasmodic laryngitis

croup barky cough, difficulty breathing, nighttime episodes of laryngeal congestion

s/s of acute laryngotracheobronchitis

low fever, restlessness, hoarseness, barky cough, stridor

treatment for croup syndromes

cool mist, or steam humidfication

what is epiglottitis considered?

medical emergency

s/s of epiglottitis

drooling, tongue protruding, dysphagia

nursing care/treatment of epiglottitis

do not transport, no tongue blade, no throat culture

what are the initial symptoms of RSV?

rhinorrhea symptoms

what are the progressive symptoms of RSV?

fever, food refusal, increased cough, tachypnea

what are severe symptoms of RSV?

tachypnea

nursing care of RSV

oxygens, fluids, airway

s/s pf pneumonia

high fever, cough, tachypnea

what are complications of pneumonia?

pneumothorax (air in pleural space)

s/s of pertussis

common cold manifestations, severe coughing

what kind of isolation for pertussis?

droplet

what are risk factors for cystic fibrosis?

recessive type, white

what are early s/s of cystic fibrosis?

wheezing, rhonchi, dry cough

what are increased s/s of cystic fibrosis?

dyspnea, cough, obstructive emphysema and atelectasis

what are advanced s/s of cystic fibrosis?

barrel chest, clubbing of fingers

what are gi findings of cystic fibrosis?

high protein, give fat soluble vitamins (ADEK)m pancreatic enzymes 30 minutes before eating

what medications are given for cystic fibrosis?

dornase alfa, albuterol

what are long term signs of cyanosis?

polycythemia (may cause the blood to clot), clubbing

what are s/s of acute otitis media?

rubbing/pulling on ear, crying, lethargy, feeling of fullness in ear

what meds are given for acute otitis media?

acetaminophen, ibuprofen, antibiotics (only for children 6 months-2 years)

what is a myringotomy?

tube placed into the eardrum to equalize pressure in the head

post op (diet) care of tonsillectomy

first ice chips, no citrus juice, carbonated beverages, or red colored drinks

what meds are given for strep?

penicillin, amoxicillin, IV penicillin, oral erythromycin

nursing care of strep includes

throw toothbrush away after 24hr of antibiotics, return to school after 24hrs

what are interventions of foreign body aspiration?

notify provider for decreased resp status or change in symptoms, O2, positioning, do not reach for it may become more lodged