GROUP 3A - BORON GROUP

Boron

Buraq (white)

H3BO3 - orthoboric acid
H2B4O7 - tetraboric acid

Oxyacids of B

Boiled lobster appearance

Boric acid toxicity

Boromycin

1st natural product that contains Boron

Aluminum

the most abundant metal in the earth's crust; 3rd most abundant element following oxygen and silicon

Emerald

Metasilicate of Be-Al-Cr

Ruby

Metasilicate of Al-Cr

Sapphire

Metasilicate of Al-Co

Turquoise

Metasilicate of Al-Cu

Corundum

Al2O3 ore and the second hardest (9) mineral next to diamond (10)

Emery

Al2O3 associated with black oxide of iron; sandpaper

Ruby

red corundum with trace of chromium

Sapphire

blue corundum with traces of iron and titanium

Cryolite

Na3AlF6

Bauxite

the principal ore of aluminum; Al2O3*2H2O

Hall-Heroult process

This process is the major industrial process for the production of aluminum. It involves dissolving alumina in molten cryolite, and electrolyzing the molten salt bath to obtain pure aluminum metal. (expensive)

Alcoa Chlorine Process

economical manufacture of aluminum

Shaver's Disease (Bauxite pneumoconiosis)

Aluminum toxicity

no specific antidote but NaHCO3 can be used

Antidote for Al poisoning

AlCl3

Treatment for hyperhidrosis and soggy athlete's foot

Aluminum sulfate

Cake Alum; Patent Alum; Pearl Alum; Pickle Alum; Papermaker's Alum
- powerful astringent and necessity for Aluminum Subacetate Solution

Aluminum acetate

Burrow's Solution - astringent

Potash Alum KAl(SO4)2*12H2O

Alumen, Purified Alum - astringent, antiperspirant

Native Hydrated Aluminum Silicate

Kaolin, White bole, China clay
- main use: adsorbent

Native Colloidal Hydrated Aluminum Silicate

Bentonite, Soap clay, Mineral soap, Swelling clay, Montmorillonite. Smectite,
- Bentonite magma (5%) - suspending agent for insoluble medicaments

Pumice

substance of volcanic origin consisting chiefly of Al, K and Na silicates

Gallium

eka-aluminum

Gallium Nitrate (Ganite) - Ga(NO3)3

Used in cancer-related hypercalcemia

Gallium Citrate Ga 67 Injection

diagnosis of lesions of the lungs, breast, maxillary sinuses and liver by using scanning and organ-imaging techniques.

Green tongue and alopecia

Thallium toxicity

- Prussian Blue
- Multiple Dose Activated Charcoal
- Dimercaprol

Antidote for Thallium toxicity

Scandium (Group 3B)

eka-boron