development 3

Zygote

conception to 2 weeks.

Embryo

2 weeks through 8 weeks.

Fetus

9 moths to broth

Moro reflex

babies startle reflex

babinski reflex

reflex where babies toes spread out when touches

Harry Harlow

Conducted an experiment with monkeys and shows that they take comfort of food.

Jean Piaget

cognition. said that kid weren’t stupid versions of adults.

Lev Vygotsky

proposed the cognitive development theory that we are born with four basic mental functions ( attention, sensation, perception, memory)

Sensori motor stage

Piaget stage of development from birth to 2 years old where babies experience the work through their senses and do not have object permanence.

Preoperational stage

Piaget stage of development from 2 to 7 years old where babies begin to use language but do no think logically and are egocentric

Concrete Operationsl stage

Piaget stage of development from 6-11 years old where they learn to think logically about events and fully gain mental ability to comprehend.

Formal operational stage

Piaget stage of development where there is abstract reasoning and hypothesis.

Erik Erikson

developed 8 stages of psychosocial development and believed our personality was influenced by our experiences with others

Trust vs Mistrust

from birth to a year. can the baby trust the world to fulfill its needs?

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

from 1- 3 years of age (toddlerhood) where toddlers learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves or doubt their abilities. establish independence.

Initiative vs guilt

from 3-6 years (preschool) preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts.

Industry vs Inferiority

from 6 years to puberty (elementary school) children learn to apply themselves to tasks or they feel inferior. Children who are encouraged and commended by parents and teachers develop a feeling of competence and belief in their skills. Those who receive little or no encouragement from parents, teachers, or peers will doubt their ability to be successful.

Identity vs Role Confusion

from teens to 20s (adolescence) who am i? what group do i fit with?

Intimacy vs Isolation

20s to early 40s ( young adulthood) young adults struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel socially isolated. married or old maid

Generativity vs Stagnation

40s to 60s ( middle adulthood) Discover a sense of contribution to the world usually through family and work or feel a lack of purpose. Ex: Cares about others and does meaningful things or works for selfish things and then life feels meaningless with no one.

Integrity vs despair

60s and up ( late adulthood) reflecting on life, feel satisfaction or failure.

DABDA stages

proposed by elisabeth kubler ross that the terminally ill pass through 5 stages. D- Denial, non acceptance of illness

A- Anger, why me?

B- Barganing with God

D- Depression

A- Acceptance, accepting of one’s fate

Alzheimer’s disease

loss of brain cells