Related Issue I – To what extent should globalization shape identity?

Economic globalization

process of expanding world trade networks

Political globalization

process by which decisions and actions are becoming more international

Social globalization

process of people's lifestyles spreading over global networks

Globalization

the world's citizens becoming more and more connected to and dependent on one another

Individual Identity

the traits that make up a person's sense of individuality

Collective Identity

the combination of beliefs, values, views of history, and language of a people

Immigration

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

Media consolidation

media companies merging together which creates a media conglomerate

media conglomerate

a media company that owns many smaller media outlets

Transnational Corporation (TNC)

operates in multiple different countries

Marginalization

the pushing of a group to the margins of society, where they hold little social/political/economic power (you feel excluded, treated with inequality)

homogenization

differences between values, attitudes, beliefs, customs are being reduced as a result of globalization

Universalization of Pop Culture

the spread of popular music, ideas, dance, and other social forms around the world to create a single monoculture

assimilation

a dominant group absorbs a minority group

Acculturation

the process of changing as a result of contact with other groups

Hybridization

the combination of diff. cultures and the creation of new cultural products that enable people to connect with each other in 2 ways (Sesame Street)

integration

the incorporation of diverse minority groups into mainstream society

accommodation

as we learn about diff. cultures, we make space for one another

Affirmation of identity

resist the urge to blend in with the crowd, you choose to be who you are

Cultural revitalization

an opportunity to celebrate protection against loss and bring the culture back to life

CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation)

national public radio and broadcasting, funded by taxes from citizens (crown corporation + broadcasting company)

TV5

French-language television network created in 1984. To feature Francophone-produced programming and to connect diverse Francophone cultures from around the world.

Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN)

First national Aboriginal television network launched in 1999 which reflects the cultures, languages, and communities of Aboriginal peoples across Canada.

Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism

1963 - Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson appointed a Royal Commission on the state of Bilingualism and Biculturalism in Canada, to study Anglophone-Francophone relations and to come up with recommendations. 1965 report said that Francophones rights were not being protected/were being unrepresented. Official Language Act passed by Parliament as a result.

Official Languages Act (1969)

supports the development of official language minority communities and promotes the use of both languages in Canadian society.

Charter of the French Language: Bill 101 (1977)

aimed to make French the normal everyday language of work, instruction, communication, business (was controversial)

La Francophonie (en Colombie-Britannique)

an organization that promotes Francophone culture in British Columbia

Survival of Inuktitut

practices/tradtions banned, taught English in schools, discouraged language use, were forced to move to permanent settlementents, exposed to cultural influences, mining/oil and gas, had to give up hunting, increased unemployment/acholhoism and suicide rates. April 1, 1999: Nunavut created, cultural revitalization at work

Canadian vs. Quebec film industry

Canadian film industry - films not made and distributed by media transnationals, depend on independent production (less likely to be shown in movie theatres owned by media transnationals)

Quebec film industry - strong Francophone film industry

CRTC (Canadian Radio and Telecommunication Comission)

a regulatory agency (set of rules) that enforces rules for broadcasting Canadian content - broadcasters must air a certain amount of Canadian content produced, written, or in some way contributed to by a person from Canada or content is Canadian. (a gov. agency)

Canadian Content (CanCon)

set of regulation created/enforced by CRTC

The Canadian Audio Visual Certification Office (CAVCO) Points System

For a Canadian series to be recognized as a Canadian production, at least 6 points must allotted according to the scale. (ex. Canadian directior = 2 points)

Pluralistic society

a society in which a diversity of languages, beliefs, traditions, values, religions and other aspects of culture are embedded as part of the foundations of the country; a society that respects and values the individual and collective opinions and identities of all people

secularism

the complete separation between matters of state and religion

Hyphenated Canadians

Canadian citizen with strong ties to another cultural or ethnic background, using a hyphen to link their identities (ex. Chinese-Canadian, Ukrainian-Canadian)

Accommodation

as we learn about diff. cultures, we make space for one another

Multiculturalism Act

In Alberta, the Human Rights, Citizenship and Multiculturalism Act creates a duty to accommodate people within the law. (ex. accommodating religious symbols)

France’s Law on Religious Symbols in Schools

2004 law that prohibited students in public schools from showing affiliation with a religious group through their attire. They could be punished or even expelled. The prohibition is based on France’s gov. being based on secularism.

Quebec’s Proposed Charter of Social Values (Bill 60)

introduced by the Parti Québécois in 2013. It aimed to establish a state of secularism and religious neutrality by banning religious symbols for public escort employees (teachers, police) and requiring uncovered faces to receive state services.