Western Civilizations: Quiz #1

Empire Cyrus ruled

Persian Empire

Character traits of Cyrus

Religiously tolerant, strategic, benevolent ruler

Ruler who built the Royal Road

Darius I

Satrapies

States or regions within the Persian empire

Concept of tributes under Darius

Standardized taxation system from satrapies

Religion of Persian empire

Zoroastrianism

Government of Minoan Civilization

Centralized monarchy or palace-based bureaucracy

Where Minoan civilization was located

Island of Crete

Name of the Palace that's a feature of Minoan civilization

Palace of Knossos

Years for Greece approx. 1200-1000 BCE

Greek Dark Ages

Term polis refers to

City-state

Hoplite

Heavily armed Greek infantry soldier

Birthplace of democracy

Athens

Traits Sparta valued

Discipline, military strength, obedience

Consequences of Solon's legal reforms

Reduced aristocratic power, laid groundwork for democracy

Word Greeks used for themselves

Hellenes

Sophists

Traveling teachers who emphasized rhetoric over truth

Socrates' beliefs

Pursuit of truth through questioning; virtue is knowledge

Homer's Iliad

Epic poem about the Trojan War; SOME TRUTHS

Who fought in the Persian War

Greek city-states vs. Persian Empire

Who won the Persian War

Greek city-states

Who fought in the Peloponnesian War

Athens vs. Sparta

Who won the Peloponnesian War

Sparta

Side Persia fought in Peloponnesian War

Supported Sparta

Athens built during its Golden Age

Parthenon (and temples, theaters)

State of Greek city-states after Peloponnesian War

Weakened and divided

Ostracism

Voting to exile a citizen for 10 years

Challenges Sparta faced

Population decline, resistance to change

Philip II's reforms

Professional army, use of phalanx, siege tactics

Philip II's goals

Unite Greece and conquer Persia

Demosthenes viewed Philip II

As a threat to Greek freedom

Hippocrates' theory of medicine

Illness caused by imbalance of bodily humors

Alexander the Great's conquests

Persia, Egypt, parts of India

Why Alexander was deemed destined for greatness

Tutored by Aristotle, military genius, divine lineage claims

Epicureans believed

Pleasure through moderation and absence of pain

Stoics believed

Virtue through reason and acceptance of fate

Locate Egyptian Civilization on map

Along the Nile River in northeastern Africa

Locate Mesopotamia on map

Between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers (modern Iraq)

Locate Macedonia on map

North of mainland Greece

Hellenistic Kingdoms after Alexander

Ptolemaic (Egypt), Seleucid (Asia), Antigonid (Macedonia)