compass, redesigned ships that carried more cargo, and printed paper navigation charts
3
New cards
Different religions in China from 1200-1450
Buddhism, Daoism, and Neo-Confucianism
4
New cards
Different types of Buddhism
Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, Chan, Zen
5
New cards
Syncretic religion
blending of two or more religions
6
New cards
Buddhism
belief in the Four Noble Truths, the Eight-fold path, and the precepts that can lead to nirvana
7
New cards
Daoism
religion that believes nature ultimately controls how things change
8
New cards
Neo-confucianism
syncretic faith that combines Daoism and Buddhism, emphasizes ethics rather than the mysteries of God and nature
9
New cards
Theravada Buddhism
focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self-discipline, strongest in Southeast Asia
10
New cards
Mahayana Buddhism
focused on spiritual growth for all beings and on service, strongest in China and Korea
11
New cards
Tibetan Buddhism
focused on chanting
12
New cards
Chan/Zen Buddhism
emphasized directly experience and meditation as opposed to formal learning based on studying scripture
13
New cards
The Four Noble Truths
stress the idea that personal suffering can be alleviated by eliminating cravings or desires and by following Buddhist precepts
14
New cards
The Precepts
right speech, right livelihood, right effort, and right mindfulness
15
New cards
What groups invaded the Abbasid empire?
Egyptian Mamluks, Seljuk Turks, Crusaders, and Mongols
16
New cards
Egyptian Mamluks
enslaved people Arabs purchased, often ethnic Turks from Central Asia, served as soldiers and later bureaucrats
17
New cards
Seljuk Turks
Central Asian Muslims, conquered parts of the Middle East to Western China
18
New cards
Crusaders
European Christians organized groups of soldiers to reopen access to holy sites in Jerusalem that were limited by the Abbasids
19
New cards
Mongols
Central Asian conquerors that took the remaining Abbasid Empire in 1258 and ended Seljuk rule, they pushed West until they were stopped by Mamluks in Egypt
20
New cards
Mamluk Sultanate
Mamluks seized control of the government and created this, funded by trade
21
New cards
Status of Islamic Women in Dar al Islam
higher status than other Christians and Jews at the time, allowed to inherit property, remarry, etc.
22
New cards
Impact of Rajput kingdoms
led by leaders of numerous clans who were often at war with each other, so no centralized government in Northern India
23
New cards
Impact of Delhi Sultanate
brought Islam to India, decentralized government; no efficient bureaucracy, and tension between Islam and Buddhism
24
New cards
Islam’s affect on Hinduism
Islam entered India forcefully and tried to convert people; it attracted low-caste Hindus because of the emphasis on equality for all believers, much tension between the two religions
25
New cards
Qutub Minar
Delhi Sultanate built elaborate mosque on top of a Hindu temple and used materials from various religious shrines
26
New cards
Bhakti movement and Sufism similarities
mystical movements, with less emphasis on a strict adherence to traditional rituals and beliefs, appealed to people outside their religions, Sufis spread Islam/Bhaktis spread Hinduism