Histology - Chapter 5 Anatomy

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What are the function of epithelial tissues?

Protection, secretion, absorption, excretion

What are the function of connective tissues

Bind, support, protect, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells

Function of muscle tissues

Movement

What are the function of nervous tissues

Conduct impulses for coordination, regulation, integration, and sensory reception

Where are epithelial cells located

Cover body surface, cover and line internal organs, compose glands

Where are connective tissues located

Widely distributed throughout the body

Where are the muscle tissues located

Attached to bones, in the walls of hollow internal organs, heart

Where are nervous tissues located

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Characteristics of epithelial tissues

Lack blood vessels, readily divide, cells are tightly packed, has free (apical) surface either inside or outside.

Characteristics of connective tissues

Good blood supply, cells further apart (has extracelllar matrix in between)

Characteristics of muscle tissues

Contracts in response to specific stimuli

Characteristics of nervous tissues

Cells communicate with each other and other body parts

Function of simple squamous epithelium

Filtration, diffusion, osmosis, covers surface

Function of simple cuboidal epithelium

Protection, secretion (simple)

Function of simple columnar epithelium

Protection, secretion, absorption

Function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Protection, secretion, movement of mucus

Function of stratified squamous epithelium

Protection (strat. squa.)

Function of stratified cuboidal epithelium

Protection (strat. cub.)

Function of stratified columnar epithelium

Protection, secretion (stratified)

Function of transitional epithelium

Stretchability, protection

Location of simple squamous epithelium

Air sacs of the lungs, walls of capillaries, linings of blood and lymph vessels, past of the membranes lining body cavities and covering viscera

Location of simple cuboidal epithelium

Surface of ovaries, linings of kidney tubules, and linings of ducts of certain glands

Location of simple columnar epithelium

Linings of uterus, stomach, and intestines

Location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Linings of respiratory passages

Location of stratified squamous epithelium

Superficial layer of skin, and linings of oral cavity, throat, vagina, and anal canal

Location of stratified cuboidal epithelium

Linings of ducts of mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

Location of stratified columnar epithelium

Part of the male urethra and linings of larger ducts of excretory glands

Location of transitional epithelium

Inner lining of urinary bladder and linings of ureters and part of urethra

Types of loose connective tissues

Areolar tissue, adipose tissue (fat), reticular connective tissue

Types of dense connective tissue

Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, bone, blood

Function of areolar tissue

Binds organs

Function of adipose tissue

Protects (cushions joints and organs), insulates, stores fat

Function of reticular connective tissue

Supports

Location of areolar tissue

Beneath skin, between muscles, beneath epithelial tissues

Location of adipose tissue

Beneath skin, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, on surface of heat

Location of reticular connective tissue

In walls of liver and spleen

Characteristics of areolar tissue

Forms thin, delicate membranes. has gel-like ground substance containing collagen and reticular fibers, main cell type are fibroblasts

Characteristics of adipose tissue

Contains adipocytes (stores fat in cytoplasm),\

Function of hyaline cartilage

Supports, protects, provides framework

Function of elastic cartilage

Supports, protects, provides flexible framework

Function of fibrocartilage (1)

Supports, protects, provides framework (1)

Function of bone

Supports, protects, absorbs shock

Function of blood

Transports substances, helps maintain stable internal environment

Location of hyaline cartilage

Ends of bones, nose, rings in the walls of respiratory passages

Location of elastic cartilage

Framework of external ear and parts of larynx

Location of fibrocartilage

Between bony parts of spinal column, parts of pelvic girdle and knee

Location of bone

Bones of skeleton

Location of blood

Throughout body within a closed system of blood vessels and heart chambers

Characteristics of hyaline cartilage

Fine collagen fibers in matrix; seems glossy, most commom type of cartilage

Characteristics of elastic cartilage

Contains elastic fibers in dense network; flexible

Characteristics of fibrocartilage

Tough tissue with many collagenous fibers

Three types of muscle tissues

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

Squamous

Thin and flattened

Cuboidal

Cube-shaped

Columnar

Tall and elongated

Simple

1 layer

Stratified

2 or more layers

Characteristic for reticular connective tissue

Contains thin, reticular fibers, the fibers form 3-D network

Function of skeletal muscle tissue

Voluntary movements of skeletal parts

Function of smooth muscle tissue

Involuntary movements of internal organs

Function of cardiac muscle tissues

Contraction for heart beats

Location of skeletal muscle tissue

Muscles usually attached to bones

Location of smooth muscle tissue

Walls of hollow internal organs

Location of cardiac muscle tissue

Heart muscle

Characteristic of skeletal muscle tissue

Striated, cells (fibers) are long and cylindrical, has many nuclei

Characteristics of smooth muscle tissue

Lacks striations, cells are spindle-shaped, 1 central nucleus

Characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue

Has branching cells (fibers), each with single nucleus, striated, cells connected by intercalated discs, cells form branching networks

Neurons, or nerve cells

Cells that respond to certain environmental stimuli/changes, by creating electrical impulses to other neurons, muscles, and glands

Characteristics of neurons (nerve cells)

Has a soma, dendrites, and axons

Neuroglia (nerve glue)

Cells that support, nourish, and communicate with neurons, but doesn’t conduct impulses, binds nervous tissue together, and conduct phagocytosis

Which tissue is this?

Simple squamous epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this?

Simple cuboidal epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Simple columnar epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Stratified squamous epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Stratified cuboidal epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Stratified columnar epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Transitional epithelium tissue

Which tissue is this

Areolar tissue

Which tissue is this

Adipose tissue

Which tissue is this

Dense connective tissue

Which cartilage is this

Hyaline cartilage

Which cartilage is this

Elastic cartilage

Which cartilage is this

Fibrocartilage

Which tissue is this

Bone tissue

What type of dense connective is this

Blood

Which muscle tissue is this

Skeletal muscle tissue

Which muscle tissue is this

Smooth muscle tissue

Which muscle tissue is this

Neuron structure and nervous tissue