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Misanthropic Scrooge without redemption
‘as solitary as an oyster’
‘covetous old sinner’
‘iced his coffee’
fire ‘looked like one coal’
‘edge…the crowded paths of life’
‘die…reduce the surplus population’
‘golden’ ‘idol’
‘solitary child’
‘lonely boy’ ‘neglected by his friends
Philanthropic Scrooge achieves redemption
‘long line of brilliant laughs’
‘light as a feather’
‘merry as a schoolboy’
‘happy as an angel’
‘second father to Tiny Tim’
‘his own heart laughed’
‘good a master’ ‘good a man’
‘I will honour Christmas in my heart’ ‘knew how to keep christmas well’
Fred- a foil to Scrooge / his antithesis
‘all a glow’
‘his eyes sparkled’
‘ill keep my Christmas humour’
‘full of extraordinary kindness’
‘will you let me in?’
Fezziweg- the omnibenevolent employer (antithesis of Scrooge)
warehouse is ‘warm’ and ‘bright’
‘has the power to render us happy’
‘fuel heaped upon the fire’
‘organ of benevolence’
Jacob Marley- Scrooge without redemption- symbol of warning / guilt
‘i wear the chains i forged in life’
‘mankind was my business’
‘incessant torture of remorse’
‘I made them link by link and yard by yard’
‘long and wound around him like a tail’
The ghost of Christmas past (symbol of memory- evokes pity for what is lost)
‘unearthly visitor’
‘strange figure…like a child…like an old man’
‘branch of fresh holly in its hand’
‘out of its head a bright clear jet of light’
‘purest white’
The ghost of Christmas present- an omni-benevolent figure- symbol of Christmas/charity/joy
‘a jolly giant’ with a ‘glowing torch’
in a room of ‘living green’
gives to ‘a poor one most’
‘they are man’s’ ‘ignorance’ and ‘want’
‘no sword in it’
The ghost of Christmas yet to come- symbol of death and fear for the future without redemption
‘shrouded in deep black garment’
‘Scrooge feared the silent shape’
‘it seemed to scatter gloom and misery’
‘slowly, gravely, silently’
‘read upon the neglected grave’
The Cratchits- the symbol of family and the resilient poor ( a challenge to the Victorian view of the poor)
‘brave in ribbons’
‘twice turned gown’
‘a small pudding for a large family’
Bob Cratchit- the symbol of the hard-working poor
‘dismal little cell’
‘the clerk’s fire so much smaller’
‘comforter’ as he ‘boasted no great coat’
‘Scrooge, founder of the feast’
‘nobody said it was a small pudding’
Belle (symbol of lost love and family)
‘another idol has replaced me’ ‘a golden one’
you ‘fear the world too much’
‘gain engrosses you’
‘hope you’re happy in the life you have chosen
Isolation
‘solitary as an ‘oyster’
isolation as a gateway ‘solitary child’ ‘happy in the life you have chosen’ ‘golden idol has replaced you’
‘solitary lighthouse’
‘nobody ever stopped him in the street’
and then becomes its antithesis ‘a second father to Tiny Tim’ ‘will you let me in Fred?’
Charity
‘are there no prisons? are there no workhouses’
‘die and reduce the surplus population’
AFTER REDEMPTION SCROOGE GIVES
‘a great many back payments’
‘prize turkey’
Poverty
‘want’
‘a small pudding for a large family’
‘feeble fire’
‘surplus population’ ‘no prisons, no workhouses’
‘they are mans’
setting- ‘fog and darkness’ ‘misanthropic ice’ ‘obscure’ ‘wretched’
despite this- ‘air of cheerfulness’ ‘laughed heartily’
Setting
Start: ‘fog’ ‘cold’ ‘darkness’
Miners: ‘bleak moor’ ‘desolation’
‘gloom of darkest night’
End: ‘no mist’ ‘no fog’ ‘bright’ ‘golden sunlight’
Light and dark (symbols of benevolence v malevolence)
‘glowing v ‘fog came pouring in’
Motif of fire- symbol of human warmth and benevolence
‘feeble fire’
‘fuel heaped upon the fire’
Family- shows importance of family during festive time
positive- Fred- ‘heated himself in a glow’ compared to ‘external heat and cold had little influence’
if Scrooge experienced family ‘years ago’ could have ‘cultivated the kindness of life’
Bob- shows reader family more important than money
Belle- obsession over money damaged relationships- could have ‘called him father’
materialism + wealth- compassion and kindness are more important
Fred to Scrooge- ‘no use to him’ ‘do any good with it’
‘misery within them’ wanted to ‘intefere for good’ ‘lost power forever’ - Marley about spirits
‘cash, boxes, keys, padlocks’- shows negative effects of wealth ‘gain engrosses him’
positive- Fezziwig ‘own heart laughed’ working conditions cause ‘pleasure’
Tiny Tim- the symbol of the consequences of the Victorian’s lack of compassion and ‘surplus’
‘tiny Tim upon his shoulder’
‘god bless us, every one’
‘my little, little child’
‘second father’
‘as good as gold’
‘who made lame beggars walk’
Redemption
initially unchanging ‘covetous old sinner’
foreshadows change ‘solitary as an oyster’
‘external heat and cold had little effect on Scrooge’
change- ‘quite a baby’ ‘good intentions’ ‘long line of brilliant laughs’
weather- ‘cold, bleak, biting weather’ to ‘golden sunlight’
‘cold within him’
Morality
being good and kind is change in behaviour ‘good a friend, as good a master and as good a man’
Marley shows consequences of immorality, GOCYTC shows effects of not being moral
‘spirit goes not forth in life, it is condemned to do so after death’
‘phantoms wander hither in restless haste’
Regret- show how we can use regret to create actions to change our ways
thematic tool to initiate positive emotion ‘leave me, take me back’ ‘golden idol has replaced you’
‘overcome with penitence and grief’
‘may sponge away the writing on this stone’
‘no space of regret can make amends for ones life of opportunity missed’
Marley- a deterrent for repercussions of Scrooge, catalyst for Scrooge’s change
‘I wear the chains I forged in life’
‘incessant torture of remorse’
‘mankind was my business’
‘long and wound around him like a tail’