Audience measurement /

Who created the first radio station?

Frank Conrad launched KDKA out of his garage in 1920

What was audience resear in 1920?

• Playing songs for the listeners

• Number of radios sold, etc.

How did radios think for another way to make money during The Great Depression?

• 1929 - 200 advertisers using
  NBC

• 1930 - 263 advertisers

What did Archibald Crossley create?

A survey with the assistance of the Association of National Advertisers (ANA)

Where were the “Crossley Ratings”?

Mostly in the trade journals, like Variety

What is CAB’s telephone recall?

A survey 

What were some limitations of the phone recall?

• Those who only had telephones (upper income households)

• The listeners needed to recall what they remembered on the radio 

What were the “Hooper Ratings”?

Media of the highest-rated programs

Who did Hooper sell his network rating service to?

Nielsen, C.E.

“Meters”

Talks about the different meters