Lecture 4 - coverings

wip

anterior fontanelle

B

sagittal suture

C

posterior fontanelle

D

lambdoid suture

F

coronal suture

H

metopic suture

I

A

parietal bone

B

sphenoid bone

C

frontal bone

D

nasal bone

E

maxilla

F

mandible

G

zygomatic bone

H

temporal bone

I

occipital bone

contains the frontal lobes and forms roof of the orbit

anterior cranial fossa

contains the temporal lobe

middle cranial fossa

accommodates brainstem and cerebellum

posterior cranial fossa

A

anterior cranial fossa

B

sphenoid bone

C

middle cranial fossa

D

posterior cranial fossa

what is the hole at the bottom of the skull for the brainstem and spinal cord

foramen magnum

list the meninges from outside in

dura, arachnoid, pia

what are the arachnoid trabeculae

the “spiderwebs” in the subarachnoid space

falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli made of

dura

the leptomeninges include

pia and arachnoid

projections of the arachnoid membrane into the dura mater layer. where CSF is drained into the venous sinus system

arachnoid granulation

is the epidural space a potential or actual space

in the brain: potential

in the spinal cord: actual

tearing of middle meningeal artery → bleeding into extradural space

epidural hematoma

epidural hematoma

tearing of vein across the subdural space causing gradual seepage of blood

subdural hematoma

subdural hematoma

common signs of elevated intracranial pressure

headache, altered mental status, nausea, visual loss/changes

differences between epidural and subdural hematoma

epidural - rapidly expanding with arterial blood. lemon shape on imaging

subdural - slowly expanding with venous blood, banana shape lol

inflammation of meninges from infection (virus/bacteria/etc). flu symptoms, stiff neck

meningitis

viral vs bacterial meningitis

viral - mild

bacterial - damages cranial nerves and brain. can be fatal