2- Nutrition Assessment and Energy Calculations

1. pet

2. diet

3. feeding management

what are the three aspects of a nutrition assessment

1. determine if current diet/ration is appropriate

2. is the recommended diet appropriate

what is the point of a nutrition assessment

1. body weight-kg ideal, should measure at every visit

2. body condition score to evaluate body fat mass on a 9 point scale

3. muscle condition score

4. lifestage of pet

5. health of the patient including attitude, appetite, skin, and manure

6. nutrient requirement of the pet

what is included in the pet aspect of the nutrition assessment

calorie meter

the BCS is a subjective evaluation of body fat mass that serves as a _____

4/9-5/9

what is the ideal BCS for dogs and cats

10%; 5%

when using BCS to estimate target body weight, each one point change on the 1-9 scale is an estimated ____ of body weight and ___ of fat mass

30kg/1.2 = 25kg

example problem: what is the target BW for a 30kg dog with a BCS of 7/9 and how do you calculate it--->need to lose 2 BCS points (120%)

cachexia and sarcopenia

the muscle condition scoring is a subjective evaluation of body muscle mass and comes in 4 options on a 0-3 scale (normal, mild muscle loss, moderate muscle loss, severe muscle loss) to help ID ____ and _____

80g crude protein/Mcal

how might you express diet concentration on a caloric basis...most common for our dogs and cats

diet history...what are they fed, how is it offered, how is it measured, is there competition, how often is food offered

what is included in the diet and feeding management aspect of a nutrition assessment

1. start with open ended questions

2. clarify with more close-ended questions as needed

what is the best method to take a diet history

8 fl oz

1 cup is equivalent to _____

feeding by weight

what is the most precise way to measure food...but it is not commonly practiced

kcal metabolizable energy (ME) per day

what are resting energy requirements (RER)

specific requirements of RER rate multiplied by a daily energy requirement factor such as growth, work, maintenance expressed as kcal metabolizable energy (ME) per day

what are daily energy requirements (DER)

gross energy

____ is the food energy when burnt in bomb calorimeter

digestible energry

____ is calculated via gross energy - fecal energy

metabolizable energy (ME)

____ is digestible energy (gross energy - fecal energy) - urine and gas energy

metabolizable energy (ME)

in what way is the energy content of pet food expressed

net energy

___ is metabolizable energy - heat increment/energy lost as heat and is commonly used in production animals

fats/lipids are the most energy dense substance

what was important for us to recongize from this table regarding metabolizable energy

RER (units are kcal/day) = BWkg^0.75 x 70

what is the formula to calculate resting energy requirements (RER) and what are the units

~201.4 kcal/d

example question...calculate RER for a 9lb cat with a BCS of 5/9 and a normal MCS

~662.0 kcal/day

example question...calculate RER for a 20kg dog with a BCS of 5/9 and a normal MCS

DER (kcal/day) = RER x lifestage factor

what is the formula for calculating daily energy requirements (DER)

1.4-1.6

what is the life stage factor for an adult neutered dog

1.2-1.4

what is the life stage factor for an adult neutered cat

1.0

what is the life stage factor for an adult overweight dog

0.8

what is the life stage factor for an adult overweight cat

lots of individual variation

energy calculations are a place to start but there is....