A2.2 Cell Theory (SL)

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cell biology, including cell theory, functions of life, the structure of cells, microscopy types, and magnification calculations.

Cell Theory

A theory that states that cells are the basic structural unit of all living organisms, and that cells only arise from pre-existing cells.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism necessary for maintaining life.

Homeostasis

The ability of living organisms to maintain stable internal environments despite external changes.

Reproduction

The biological process by which living organisms produce offspring.

Sensitivity

The ability of living organisms to respond to stimuli from their environment.

Eukaryote

Organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes.

Prokaryote

Single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Atypical Cell Structures

Cells that do not conform to standard structures, such as striated muscle fibers and aseptate fungal hyphae.

Microscopes

Instruments that allow the visualization of objects that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Magnification

The process of enlarging the appearance of an object.

Electron Microscope

A type of microscope that uses a beam of electrons to create an image of the specimen, offering higher resolution than light microscopes.

Light Microscope

A type of microscope that uses visible light and glass lenses to magnify images of small samples.