WASH c5

additive sculpture

a physical object constructed from separate parts that have been connected using glues, joints, stitching, welds, and so on

amplified perspective

the exaggerated use of linear perspective to achieve a dramatic and engaging presentation of the subject

armature

an internal structure created to strengthen and support a three-dimensional object

assemblage

an additive method in which the artist or designer constructs the artwork using objects and images that were originally created for another purpose

atmospheric perspective

a visual phenomenon in which the atmospheric density progressively increases, hazing over the perceived world as one looks into its depth.

bend

one of the five major forces affecting structural strength

composite

a new material created when two or more materials of differing strength are fused

compression

the forcing or crushing of material into a smaller, denser condition and its visual dynamics and implied psychological effects

cone of vision

in perspective drawing, a hypothetical cone of perception originating at the eye of the artist and expanding to include whatever the artist wishes to record in an illusionistic image, such as perspective drawing

displacement

a forming method in which a solid material is physically forced into a new configuration

dynamic space

compositional organization that emphasizes movement or the illusion of movement

ephemera

materials that decay rapidly

fractured space

discontinuous space that is created when multiple viewpoints are combined within a single image

kinesthetics

the science of movement

layered space

compositional space that has been deliberately separated into foreground, middle ground, and background

linear perspective

a mathematical system for projecting the apparent dimensions of a three-dimensional object onto a flat surface

modeling

the process of manipulating a pliable material to create a three-dimensional object

one-point perspective

A form of linear perspective in which the lines receding into space converge at a single vanishing point of the eye level or horizon line.

picture plane

In linear perspective, the flat surface on which a three-dimensional image is mentally projected.

shear

a force that creates a lateral break in a material

solidification

a forming method in which a liquid material is poured into a mold or extruded through a pipe, then allowed to harden.

subtractive sculpture

A forming method in which materials are removed from a larger mass. Carving, drilling, cutting, and turning on a lathe are all subtractive processes.

tension

the extension of an object through stretching or bending

three-point perspective

a form of linear perspective in which the lines receding into space converge at two vanishing points of the eye level (one to the left of the object being drawn and one to the right of the object being drawn) plus a third vanishing point above or below the eye level. Used when the picture plane must be tilted to encompass an object placed above or below the eye level.

torque

the distortion of an object through a twisting movement

two-point perspective

a form of linear perspective in which the lines receding into space converge at two vanishing points on the eye level (or horizon line), one to the left of the object being drawn and one to the right of the object being drawn)

vanishing point

in linear perspective, the point or points on the eye level at which parallel lines appear to converge.