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Sarcophagus with Reclining Couple, Cerveteri, Etruscan, 520 BCE
Head of a Roman Patrician from Otricoli, c. 75–50 BCE, marble (Palazzo Torlonia, Rome)
Augustus of Primaporta, Roman, 63 BCE–14 CE
Arch of Titus, Rome, Roman, 81 CE
Pantheon, Rome, Roman, 120–124 CE
Hellenization
the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language and identity by non-Greeks
Verism
extreme or strict naturalism in art or literature. In Roman art it principally occurred in portraiture of politicians, whose imperfections of the face were exacerbated in order to highlight their old age and gravitas. (self-chopping)
Propaganda
information or ideas that are spread by an organized group or government to influence people's opinions
True Arch
composed of wedge-shaped blocks (typically of a durable stone), called voussoirs, with a key stone in the center holding them into place. In a true arch, weight is transferred from one voussoir down to the next, from the top of the arch to ground level, creating a sturdy building tool.
Keystone
the wedge-shaped piece at the crown of an arch that locks the other pieces in place
Voussoir
a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault
