UAMS Microbiology Final

BEA: Black
Salt: Growth
Optochin: Resistant

Enterococcus

BEA: Black
Salt: No Growth
Optochin: resistant

GDS

BEA: Colorless
Salt: No Growth
Optochin: Susceptible

Streptococcus pneumoniae

BEA: Coloreless
Salt: No Growth
Optochin: Resistant

Viridans Strep

Hemolysis: Beta
Gram Stain: GP Coccobacilli
Catalase: +
BEA: +
CAMP/Hippurate: +
Motility: + @ 25 C

Listeria

What organisms are motile at 25 C?

Yersinia entercolitica & Listeria

What GPR organisms form spores?

Bacillus species (aerobic)
Clostridium species (anaerobic)

What temperature should CIN agar be incubated at?

RT

Selective for Gram-Negative Bacilli

EMB & MAC

Selective media for Gram-positive organisms

CNA & PEA

Gram staining steps

1. crystal violet
2. iodine
3. alcohol
4. safranin

ID Of Staphylococci

-Slide coagulase
-Tube coagulase
-MSA
-Latex agglutination
-Novobiocin

Reagent: Bile Solubility

10% deoxycholate (bile)

Enhance growth of specific MOs, while inhibiting the growth of others (GN & Selenite)

Enrichment Broths

No antimicrobial substances & allows growth of most organisms (BAP, CHOC)

Nonselective Media

Contains antimicrobial substances, allows growth of specific bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others (PEA, CNA)

Selective Media

Basic growth media for bacteria (BAP/ CHOC)

Nutrient Media

Metabolic differences and biochemical reactions in the media distinguishes MO (ph Color indicator)

Differential Media

Reagent: Catalase

Hydrogen Peroxide

Reagent: Coagulase

Plasma

What is CHROMagar used for?

MRSA

Sticky Staph
Cat: =
Oxidase: =
Bacitracin: R

Rothia

Reagent: PYR

N,N dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde

What causes satelliting Strep?

Deficiency in Vitamin B6 (pyridoxal)

Gamma Hemolysis Strep Tests

-BEA
-Salt
-PYR
-CAMP/ Hipp

Alpha Hemolysis Strep Tests

-BEA
-Salt
-P Disk
-PYR

Beta Hemolysis Strep Tests

-A Disk
-SXT
-PYR
-CAMP/Hipp

What is the hemolysis for Group C, F & G Strep?

Beta

What is the hemolysis for Enterococcus & GDS?

Gamma or alpha

What organism is susceptible to Bacitracin (A Disk)?

GAS (Strep pyogenes)

What organisms are SXT disk "R"?

GAS & GBS

What organisms are PYR +?

GAS, Enterococcus & Staph Lugdenensis

What is the Elek Test used for?

C diph

What are Tellurite & Tinsdale agar for?

C diph (forms black colonies)

Hemolysis: Beta
Catalase: +
Bile Esculin: +
Motility: + @ 35 & 25 C (umbrella)

Listeria monocytogenes

Reagent: Oxidase

Tetramethyl-para-phenylenediamine dihydrochlroide

What can all enterics do?

Ferment glucose
OX: Negative
Reduce nitrate to nitrite

What is the SMAC plate for?

E. coli 0157:H7

What is the only oxidase + enteric?

Plesiomonas shigelloides

What enterics are lactose fermenters?

E. coli, Klebsiella & Enterobacter

What enterics are H2S producers?

Salmonella & Proteus

What does a fermenter look like on EMB?

Blue-black

What does a fermenter look like on HE?

Lactose, Sucrose, Salicin

What does a fermenter look like on XLD?

Yellow

What does the ONPG test detect?

Product of B-glactosidase

KIA: A/A

E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

KIA: K/A

Shigella, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia, Serratia, P shigelloides

KIA: K/A, H2S

Salmonella & Proteus

KIA: K/NC

PSAR & Acinetobacter

TSI: A/A

E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia & Yersinia

TSI: A/A, H2S

P vulgaris & Citrobacter

TSI: K/A

Shigella, Providencia, Morganella & P shigelloides

TSI: K/A, H2S

Salmonella & P mirabilis

TSI: K/NC

PSAR & Acinetobacter

Reagent: Indole

para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

What does SIM agar test for?

H2S, Indole & Motility

Reagent: VP

Alpha-naphthol & 40% KOH

Reagent: Phenylalaine Deaminase

Ferric chloride

What is the MUG test for?

E. coli

PDA +

Proteus, Providencia & Morganella

Citrate +

Salmonella & Citrobacter

OF Glucose: Fermenter

Yellow/ Yellow (E coli)

OF Glucose: NF- Oxidizer

Yellow/ Green (PSAR)

OF Glucose: NF- Non oxidizer

Green/ Green (Acinetobacter lwoffii)

Reagent: Nitrate Reduction Test

Sulfanilic Acid & Dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine

B cepacia culture media

BCSA & OFPBL

-Exhibits bipolar staining
-Dry-wrinkled colonies

Bukholderia pseudomallei

-Rice water stool
-Darting motility
-Curved GNR

Vibrio cholerae

-Problematic for patients with liver disease
-Curved GNR

Vibrio vulnificus

Vibrio Culture media

TCBS

What Vibrio species are sucrose fermenters? (Yellow)

V cholerae & V alginolyticus

What Vibrio species are non sucrose fermenters? (Green)

V vulnificus & V parahaemolyticus

Thermophilic Campylobacter

C coli & C jejuni

Non-thermophilic Campylobacter

C fetus

What special transport media should you use for Campylobacter?

Cary-Blair Vial

Selective Campy Agar

CAMPY-BAP & Skirrow medium (C fetus will not grow on CAMPY-BAP)

Campy: Hippurate =

C coli

Campy: Hippurate +

C jejuni

Campy: Growth at 25 C

C fetus

Causes gastric ulcers
-Rapid Urease +

Helicobacter pylori

Legionella culture media

BCYE (LT grey- cut glass)

Culture media for Bordetella pertussis
-Mercury Drop Colonies

Bordet-Gengou & Charcoal Blood Agar (Regan Lowe)

Causes whooping cough

Bordetella pertussis

Gardnerella vaginalis culture media

HBT & V agar

Exhibits Bipolar Staining
-OX: +
-CAT: +
-IND: +

Pasteurella multocida

Star-shaped colonies

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

What does Aggregatibacter normally coinfection with?

Actinomyces Israeli

Corrodes the agar & Smells like bleach

Eikenella corrodens

Bone and joint infections in young children

Kingella kingae

Small GN coccobacilli
-Ox: +
-Urea: +
BSL 3

Brucellosis

Causes Rat Bite Fever

Streptobacillus moniliformis & Spirillium minus

Causes Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)

Francisella tularensis

Distinctive purple pigment

Chromobacterium violaceum

Forms Rosettes on a gram stain

Cardiobacterium hominis

Culture media for Francisella tularensis

Glucose-Cysteine Blood Agar

Anaerobic GNR media

AN-BAP & LKV

Bacteroides Agar

BBE

Produces black/brown pigment
-Commonly causes periodontal disease

Prevotella melaninogenica & Porphyromonas gingivalis

Long thin fuse form rods-pointed ends
-Bread crumbs or ground glass

Fusobacterium nucleatum

Anaerobic GNC

Viellonella