ch. 3 Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities

These flashcards define key concepts related to health, wellness, illness, health disparities, and models of health promotion, aiding in study and comprehension.

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Wellness

An active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle that promotes good physical, mental, and emotional health.

Morbidity

How frequently a disease occurs in a population.

Mortality

The number of deaths resulting from a disease.

Disease

A medical term referring to pathologic changes in the structure or function of the body or mind.

Illness

The unique response of a person to a disease, involving an abnormal process with a changed level of functioning.

Acute Illness

An illness that generally has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time.

Chronic Illness

An illness with a slow onset, sometimes with periods of remission and exacerbation; often requires long-term care.

Health Equity

The attainment of the highest level of health for all people.

Health Disparity

A health difference closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage.

Social Determinants of Health

Conditions in environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect health outcomes.

Diversity

Welcoming individuals of different race, religion, nationality, culture, age, sexual orientation, and identity.

Inclusion

Giving everyone a sense of purpose and belonging.

Equity

Ensuring that everyone has access to the conditions they need to thrive.

Risk Factors for Illness

Elements that increase the likelihood of illness or injury; can be modifiable or nonmodifiable.

Health Promotion

Activities aimed at improving health and preventing disease.

Tertiary Prevention

Activities that begin after an illness is diagnosed and treated, aimed at reducing disability.

Health Belief Model

A model that examines what individuals perceive to be true about their health.

Health Promotion Model

A model that illustrates how people interact with their environment as they pursue health.

Agent–Host–Environment Model

A model that views the interaction of an external agent, a susceptible host, and the environment as causes of disease.

Stages of Change Model

A model used to address behaviors and facilitate change, including stages like precontemplation, contemplation, and action.