Social Psych Flashcards

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25 Terms

1
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Social Loafing

Tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group compared to when working alone. Can occur due to diffusion of responsibility and reduced accountability.

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Attribution Error

The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors (personality, character) rather than external factors (situational factors).

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Social Facilitation

The tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when in the presence of others.

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Halo Effect

The tendency for positive impressions of a person, company, country, brand, or product in one area to positively or negatively influence one's opinion or feelings.

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Group Think

A phenomenon where individuals in a group prioritize conformity and consensus over critical thinking, leading to flawed decision-making and stifling of dissenting opinions.

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Stereotype

A generalized belief or assumption about a particular group of people, often based on limited information or personal biases.

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Prejudice

An unfair and negative attitude towards a person or group based on preconceived notions or stereotypes.

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Discrimination

Unfair treatment based on certain characteristics such as race, gender, or age.

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Altruism

Behavior motivated by selflessness and concern for the well-being of others, without expecting anything in return.

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Attribution Theory

This theory explores how people interpret and explain behavior. It suggests that behavior is attributed to internal factors (personality, abilities) or external factors (situational factors).

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Social Psychology

Field of psychology that studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence of others.

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Social Norms

Unwritten rules that shape behavior, vary across cultures, and influence our actions, beliefs, and attitudes. They help maintain order, promote cooperation, and define social expectations.

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Group Polarization

The tendency for a group to make more extreme decisions or hold more extreme views than its individual members had before the group discussion.

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Scapegoat Theory

Theory that attributes blame or negative outcomes to a person or group, regardless of their actual involvement.

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Asch Experiment

A social psychology experiment where participants were shown lines of different lengths and asked to match them. Confederates purposely gave incorrect answers, resulting in conformity.

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First Impressions

The initial opinions formed about a person, situation, or event based on limited information and brief encounters.

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The 5 Factors of Attraction

Proximity, reciprocal liking, similarity, physical attraction, responsiveness

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Deindividuation

Loss of individual identity and self-awareness in a group setting, leading to a decrease in inhibitions and an increase in impulsive and deviant behavior.

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Attitude

A mental state or disposition towards someone or something, which influences behavior and perception.

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Cognitive Dissonance

Psychological discomfort caused by holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.

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Passionate Love

Intense and fervent affection and attraction towards someone, characterized by strong emotions, desire, and a deep connection.

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Mere Exposure Effect

A phenomenon where people tend to develop a preference for things they are exposed to more often, even if they are unaware of it.

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Conformity

The tendency to adjust one's thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors to match those of a larger group or societal norms, often due to social pressure or the desire to fit in.

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Companionate Love

Type of love characterized by deep affection, intimacy, and commitment. It is a long-term, stable love that develops over time, often in long-term relationships or marriages.

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Bystander Effect

The psychological phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a person in need when others are present.