Unit 1 Test - Dual World History I/II

13 Colonies and the British Empire

Corporate Colonies

Everyone lost/gained together

Royal Colonies

Controlled by the king

Proprietary Colonies

Individual ownership

Jamestown(VA)

Struggled early due to location, sickness, and citizens. Also became the first royal colony

Capitan Jhon Smith

Saved Jamestown

Jhon Rolfe & Pocahontas

Introduced tobacco

Tobacco

Money crop that saved Jamestown

Plymouth

Founded on religion-Pilgrims

Protestants/Pilgrims

Seeking religious freedom, traveled on mayflower, Thanksgiving

Wanted a new church - Get rid of Anglican Church

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Royal charter, population grew due to civil war in England(Great Migration)

Puritans

Wanted to purify the Anglican Church

Keep Anglican Church- Reform it

What did the English bring?

The English brought the tradition of a representative Gov’t.

Elections for representatives

What was the House of Burgesses?

The first representative assembly of the new world(VA)

What was the Mayflower Compact?

Early form of colonial self Gov’t. as well as the first written constitution

Who could participate in Gov’t.?(MBC)

Free male puritans in elections

Male property owner

Who could not participate in Gov’t.?(MBC)

Most colonist were excluded

Women, landless, slaves and I.S. had no rights

Did the development of democratic practices and anti-democratic practices exist?

Yes

What created the labor shortage?

The growing demand of tobacco

Indentured Servants

Masters paid for there passage and in return they worked for that master

Short term fix

Head-Right System

Gave fifty acres to plantation owners who paid for an immigrant to move

First Slavery

Not bonded for life(1620)

Children born free

When did slaves become permanently bonded?

In 1669 when The House of Burgesses enacted the law

Africans and children were forever bonded to slavery

Why did tabbacco lose value?

Overproduction

Virginia(VA)

Made up of small farmers and large plantation owners which lead to __Poor V. Rich__

What was the Bacon Rebellion?

A small farmer named bacon rebelled against large farms and then attacked and killed natives. This was seen as the first major rebellion against royal authority, and created lasting problems. All this was started due to the class difference.

What was New England made up of?

Plymouth and Mass. Bay Colony

Who lead N.E.?

Puritans - Kicked out those who broke the rules

Who was Roger Williams?

The guy who believed that an individual’s conscience was beyond the control of the civil or church authority

Created the first baptist church in america

Where did Williams settle?

Rhode Island

Recognized the rights of natives and paid for his land

Allowed Catholics, Quakers, and Jews to worship freely

Anne Hutchinson

Kicked out of Mass. Bay and became part of Rhode island colony which became a refugee for many

Antinomianism

The belief that faith alone, not good deeds, is needed to achieve salvation

Conneticut

Thomas Hooker was the founder and established Hartford

What was the fundamental order of Connecticut(1639)?

It was the first written constitution

Rep. Gov’t. by popular vote

Gov’t chosen by legislative

Lord Baltimore II

Founded the Act of Toleration which gave religious freedom to all Christians but also put death upon anyone who denied the divinity of god

Halfway Covenant

Puritan membership rebellion

the covenant was offered by some but rejected by many

It allowed you to become a puritan w/o conversion

What did you need to have to be a puritan?

A profound religious experience know as a conversion

N.E. Confederation

A military alliance that added defence for the colonies

2 rep’s from each colony

Importance: Colonies taking unified action towards a purpose

Who was attacking the N.E. colonies?

Dutch, Natives, and the French

What did the N.E. confederation act on?

Boundary issues, runaway slaves, and native issues

King Phillips War

Led natives against English settlers

Restoration Colonies

Wanted to restore monarch in England- Charles II

Carolinas

Land given to supportive nobles

Became proprietors of colonies

later became royal colonies

S. Carolina

became rice growing economy - Large plantations

N. Carolina

Small tobacco farms

Few large plantations

New York

Dutch land taken by English settlers and named after Duke of York

Religious toleration

Taxed by James II

What were the thoughts on James II taxes?

Taxation w/o representation - apposed - King gave political rights and allowed Rep. Gov’t

New Jersey

Out of N.Y.

Royal Colonie

Pennsylvania

Open minded and tolerant established by William Penn

Who were Quakers?

Equal for men and women in gods eyes

Non-violent

No military

religious authority found in someone soul, not the bible or church

Persecuted for their beliefs

What was the Holy Experiment?

A religious refugee for all

Elected Rep.

Written constitutions - character of liberties

guarantied freedom of worship, toleration, and land

Founded in Philadelphia

Advertised in England

Where was Delaware out of

Pennsylvania

Why was Georgia created?

Defensive buffer for S.C. and their plantations from the S.P. in FL

A place for English Debtors to reduce overcrowded jails

James Oglethorpe

Established Savanna - First settlement

1st Governor

Georgia

Banned **Rum and Slavery** - created financial issues in Georgia

Rum and slavery go unbanned when Georgia became a royal colony

Grew slowly - smallest and poorest colony

Mercantilism

Financial policy used by countries and there colonies

Trade/colonies/wealth basis for strength

Self-sufficient - imports=exports

colonies existed for the purpose to enrich parent country

Slavery

1750 - VA(50%) - S.C(66%)

Why was there a need for slaves?

Reduced migration from England

Dependable work force

Cheap labor

Did states pass laws to ensure “bondage for life”?

Yes