nremt final

What is the normal systolic BP range?

100-139 mmHg

What is the normal diastolic BP range?

100 mmHg

Normal adult heart rate range?

60-99 BPM

Normal SpO2 range for healthy patients?

94-100%

Normal respiratory rate for adults?

12-24 breaths/min

Normal body temp range in Fahrenheit?

96.8-98.9°F

Normal finger stick blood glucose range?

70-120 mg/dL

What medication can EMT-B give for chest pain?

Aspirin

What medication for allergic reactions?

Epinephrine

Medication for hypoglycemia if alert?

Oral glucose

Medication for opioid overdose?

Naloxone

Medication for wheezing/asthma?

Albuterol

Medication for suspected poisoning?

Activated charcoal

Medication for angina if BP >100?

Nitroglycerin

Which device delivers 2-6 LPM?

Nasal cannula

Which device delivers 10-15 LPM?

Non-rebreather mask

Flow rate for nebulizer treatments?

6-8 LPM

Which device delivers 15 LPM?

Bag-valve mask

When to use head tilt-chin lift?

Non-trauma patients

When to use jaw-thrust maneuver?

Trauma patients

Why assume trauma for unconscious patients?

Unless witnessed slow descent

Percentage of oxygen in room air?

21%

How to assess capillary refill?

Press fingernail

Normal capillary refill time?

<2 seconds

Abnormal capillary refill indicates?

Poor perfusion

Cardiac output formula?

CO = SV x HR

What is SV in the formula?

Stroke volume

What is HR in the formula?

Heart rate

Minute volume formula?

MV = TV x RR

What is TV in the formula?

Tidal volume

What is RR in the formula?

Respiratory rate

When to use nasal cannula?

SpO2 88-93%

When to use NRB?

SpO2 ≤87%

When to use BVM?

SpO2 ≤93% with RR

Contraindication for NC/NRB in unconscious patients?

Never use on unconscious

Contraindicated airway device for basilar skull fracture?

Nasopharyngeal airway

Max suction time for adults?

15 seconds

Max suction time for peds?

10 seconds

Cause of snoring respirations?

Tongue obstruction

Definition of paradoxical motion?

One chest wall moves opposite other

Clinical term for paradoxical motion?

Flail chest

Finding with diminished unilateral breath sounds?

Pneumothorax

Key sign of CO poisoning?

Cherry red skin

Why SpO2 misleading in CO poisoning?

CO binds hemoglobin 200x stronger

Seal bark cough indicates?

Croup (viral)

Drooling + tripod position indicates?

Epiglottitis (bacterial)

Position for epiglottitis patients?

Position of comfort

Description of Kussmaul respirations?

Deep/rapid

Associated condition?

DKA

Blood sugar status in DKA?

Hyperglycemic

Deoxygenated blood enters heart via?

Right atrium

Valve between RA/RV?

Tricuspid

Vessel carrying deoxygenated blood to lungs?

Pulmonary artery

Oxygenated blood returns via?

Pulmonary veins

Lung fluid buildup suggests?

Left-sided HF

Pedal edema suggests?

Right-sided HF

Adult compression depth?

2-3 inches

Infant compression depth?

1/3 chest depth

Compression rate for all ages?

100-120/min

1-rescuer compression:ventilation ratio?

30:2

Action after AED shock?

Immediate CPR x2 min

Pad placement with pacemaker?

2 inches away

Prep for wet patient?

Dry chest

Most common stroke type?

Ischemic (clot)

TIA definition?

Temporary clot (<24h symptoms)

Hemorrhagic stroke key sign?

Hypertension

EMT-B priority during seizure?

Protect airway

When to request ALS?

Prolonged/seizure continues

RLQ pain suggests?

Appendicitis

LUQ pain suggests?

Spleen injury

Tearing pain radiating to back suggests?

AAA

Placenta previa hallmark?

Painless bright red bleeding

Abruptio placenta hallmark?

Painful bleeding

Meconium suction priority?

Mouth first

Management of impaled object?

Stabilize in place

Eye injury dressing?

Cover both eyes

1st degree burn appearance?

Red

2nd degree burn feature?

Blisters

3rd degree burn characteristic?

White/leathery

NFPA 704 red diamond?

Flammability

LZ minimum dimensions?

100x100 ft

EMS staging in hazmat?

Cold zone

Battery definition?

Harmful touch without consent

Abandonment example?

Transfer to lower level of care

Why is BP written as 100-139/>100?

Systolic range 100-139

Pathological cause of HR <60?

Beta-blockers

Clinical term for HR >100?

Tachycardia

SpO2 <94% indicates?

Hypoxemia (except COPD patients)

Temp >98.9°F suggests?

Infection

FSBG <70 mg/dL defines?

Hypoglycemia

Contraindication for aspirin?

Allergy

NTG contraindications?

SBP <100

Albuterol side effect?

Tachycardia

Atrovent (Ipratropium) MOA?

Blocks parasympathetic nervous system in lungs

Epinephrine 1:1000 vs 1:10

000?

NC FiO2 at 6 LPM?

44%

NRB FiO2 at 15 LPM?

90%

Risk of NRB in COPD?

Can decrease respiratory drive

BVM with no reservoir delivers?

~40% FiO2

Nebulizer medication particle size?

1-5 microns