blood pressure lab

practice practical exam

what is the normal range of BP

<120/80 mmHg

what is an elevated range of BP

120-129/<80 mmHg

what is stage 1 hypertension range

130-139/80-89 mmHg

what is stage 2 hypertension range

>140/>90 mmHg

what are the goal BP for general population <60 mmHg

SBP<140, DBP<90

what is the goal BP for ages >60

SBP <150, DBP <90mmHg

what is the goal BP in people with CKD or diabetes

SBP <140, DBP <90

what can high BP cause

• stroke

• heart disease

• heart failure

• peripheral artery disease

• abdominal aortic aneurysm

what is a sphygmomanometer

• device used to measure blood pressure

• includes cuff that inflates to constrict the arm and measure pressure

what are lifestyle interventions for high BP

• weight loss

• heart healthy diet, DASH

• reduced Na intake

• inc physical activity

• moderation in alcohol intake

what is orthostatic hypotension

• drop of >20 mmHg SBP or >10 mmHg DBP from lying to standing

• common in older adults and diabetics

• can be caused by volume depletion, baroreflex dysfunction, certain medications

• associated with falls and fractures

• assess by measuring BP lying and again within 3 minutes of standing

what is normal pulse range

60-100 bpm

what is bradycardia range

<60 bpm

what is tachycardia range

>100 bpm

what is normal respiration rate

12-20 breaths per minute in adults

how to measure respiration rate

• count chest rises for 30 seconds and multiply by 2

• do not inform patient to avoid altered breathing

how to administer ear drops on an adult

pull ear up and back

how to administer ear drops on a child

pull down and back