Module 03 - Fundamentals of Psychological Disorders, 3rd ed. (2023)

Antecedents

Environmental events that trigger a behavior

Anxiety Disorders

Mental health conditions characterized by excessive fear or anxiety

Behavioral Assessment

Measurement and analysis of a target behavior

Behavior

Actions or reactions of a person in relation to the environment

Bipolar and Related Disorders

Mood disorders with significant mood fluctuations

Clinical Assessment

Collection and evaluation of information about a client's functioning

Clinical Diagnosis

Using assessment data to determine if symptoms align with a specific disorder

Clinical Interview

Face-to-face meeting between a mental health professional and a patient

Classification Systems

Systems used for categorizing mental disorders

Computed Tomography (CT)

Medical imaging procedure for diagnosing brain damage

Consequences

Outcomes of a behavior that encourage or discourage its future occurrence

Cross-Sectional Validity

Consistency of a behavior across different situations

Descriptive Features

Additional characteristics added to a clinical diagnosis

Descriptive Validity

Accuracy of a test in measuring what it claims to measure

Diagnostic Criteria and Descriptors

Guidelines used to make a diagnosis

Dissociative Disorders

Disruptions in aspects of consciousness

DSM-V-TR

Version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Elimination Disorders

Disorders characterized by inappropriate elimination of urine or feces

Feeding and Eating Disorders

Persistent disturbances of eating or eating-related behavior

Gender Dysphoria

Distress associated with incongruity between experienced and assigned gender

ICD-11

11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases

Intelligence Tests

Tests to determine cognitive functioning

Interrater Reliability

Consistency of assessments between different raters

Lab Observation

Observing an organism in a controlled setting

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Technique for imaging the brain or other body structures

Naturalistic Observation

Observing a person or animal in their natural environment

Neurocognitive Disorders

Decline in cognitive functioning over time

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Conditions that arise in the developmental period

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Presence of persistent, intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors

Paraphilic Disorders

Mental disorders characterized by atypical sexual preferences or behaviors

Personality Disorders

Mental disorders characterized by enduring patterns of behavior

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Neuroimaging technique to visualize brain activity

Predictive Validity

Ability of a test to predict future behaviors or outcomes

Principal Diagnosis

Primary mental health disorder identified as the main reason for seeking treatment

Projective Tests

Psychological assessments using ambiguous stimuli

Psychotherapy

Therapeutic approach provided by a mental health professional

Psychological Tests

Standardized assessments used to measure cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning

Reactivity

Phenomenon where individuals alter their behavior when being observed

Reliability

Consistency and stability of a measurement or assessment tool

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Severe mental disorders characterized by disturbances in thought, emotion, and behavior

Self-Monitoring

Observing and recording one's thoughts, emotions, or behaviors

Semi-Structured Interview

Interview method combining open-ended and predetermined questions

Sexual Dysfunctions Disorders

Disorders characterized by difficulties related to sexual desire, arousal, or performance

Sleep-Wake Disorders

Disruptions in sleep patterns

Standardization

Process of developing and administering assessments in a consistent manner

Structured Interview

Interview method with a predetermined set of questions

Subtypes

Subcategories within a broader category or disorder

Syndromes

Symptoms that cluster together regularly

Target Behavior

Specific behavior or set of behaviors that a person or intervention aims to address

Test-Retest Reliability

Consistency of a psychological assessment or test over time

Thematic Apperception Test

Projective test using ambiguous pictures to explore unconscious thoughts and emotions

Unstructured Interview

Interview method without predetermined questions or specific order

Validity

Degree to which a psychological assessment or test measures what it intends to measure

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