1.4 Separation methods

adhesion

The ability of a substance to stick to an adsorbent.

adsorbent

Solid substance that can adsorb other substances

adsorption

Separation method based on differences in adhesion.

centrifugation

Separation method in which a rapid rotational movement speeds up the sedimentation or filtration process.

decanting

Carefully pouring off a liquid without taking any of the solid particles with it.

distillate

Liquid that is collected after distillation

distillation

Separation method based on differences in boiling point.

evaporation

Separation method based on differences in boiling point.

extraction

Separation method based on differences in solubility in which you dissolve substances from a mixture into the extraction agent.

extraction agent

This is the liquid into which a substance from a mixture can be dissolved by extraction.

filtrate

The solution or liquid that has passed through the filter in a filtration process.

filtration

Separation method based on differences in particle size

residue

The part of the mixture that remains in the filter after filtration or that is left behind after distillation.

sedimentation

Separation method based on differences in density.

separation method

A way of separating substances from one another