[2Y2T2S] [PT1019] [1] Bandaging

Used to:

• Support or stabilize a segment

• Restrict motion of a joint

• Control edema, swelling, or joint effusion

Bandages

Most common injury that requires bandage (2)

Sprain or strain

Most frequently used material for bandages

Muslin (unbleached cotton)

Other materials used for bandages (3)

1. Woven, elastic, porous

2. Cotton rolled gauze

3. Stockinet

Three (3) Types of Bandages

1. Triangular

2. Cravat

3. Roller bandage

What type of bandage is described below:

• Large piece of cloth cut or formed into a triangle

• Used as a temporary sling to support the weight of a patient’s UE

Triangular

What type of bandage is described below:

• Can also be used as a sling

• Will not support the pt’s UE as well as the other bandage sling
  

Cravat

What type of bandage is described below:

• Made of an elastic or non-elastic material formed into a cylindrical roll

• Used to:

  • Maintain and protect a dressing

  • Provide pressure

  • Maintain a splint

  • Support a joint

  • Restrict motion

  • Control edema

Roller bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• Applied in a series of overlapping circular turns around a body part to anchor the bandage initially or terminally

• Careful application must be observed to avoid occlusion

Circular bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• Applied in a series of overlapping circular turns around a body part to anchor the bandage initially or terminally

• Careful application must be observed to avoid occlusion

Circular bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• Applied in a series of overlapping diagonal turns around a body part

• Covers a larger area and less likely to cause occlusion

Spiral bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• A series of diagonal turns that do not overlap

• Have open space in between each turn

Open spiral/Oblique bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• A series of spiral turns, each of which is folded or reversed on itself midway through its turn

• The reverse component allows non elastic bandage to conform to change in circumference

Spiral reverse bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• A series of lengthwise layers applied to the anterior-posterior or dorsal-volar surfaces of a body part

Recurrent bandage

What pattern of bandage is described below:

• A series of spiral turns applied in an alternate directions

• Can be applied to the foot and ankle, knee, shoulder, hand and wrist, and elbow

Figure of eight

What bandage application is described below:

• A figure-eight wrapping technique used to:

  • Support the shoulder joint

  • Secure dressings

  • Provide mild immobilization

• Commonly used for injuries like:

  • Sprains

  • Dislocations

  • Post-surgical care

Shoulder spica

What bandage application is described below:

• A technique used to immobilized the ff.:

  • Shoulder

  • Upper arm

  • Forearm

• Commonly applied for:

  • Clavicular fracture

  • Shoulder dislocation

  • Post-surgical support

• Fully restricts arm motion by securing the arm to the chest

Velpeau Bandaging

What bandage application is described below:

• A specialized wrapping technique used to immobilize the ff:

  • Hip joint

  • Pelvis

  • Upper thigh

• Commonly used for:

  • Hip injuries

  • Fractures

  • Post-surgical care

  • Stabilization in pediatric conditions (ex. DDH)

Hip Spica

What bandage application is described below:

• A taping or bandaging technique used to support the ankle and assist in dorsiflexion

• Commonly used for conditions like:

  • Foot drop

  • Peroneal nerve palsy

  • Post-stroke rehabilitation

    • To improve foot clearance during walking

Dorsiflex assist

What bandage application is described below:

• Crucial for:

  • Edema control

  • Shaping the residual limb

  • Preparing for prosthetic fitting

Post-amputation bandaging

Eight (8) indications for bandaging

1. Wound protection & healing

2. Hemostasis (bleeding control)

3. Edema control & compression

4. Immobilization & support

5. Joint & soft tissue support

6. Post-amputation limb shaping

7. Orthopedic & post-surgical applications

8. Burns & skin grafts protection

Seven (7) Contraindications for Bandaging

1. Impaired circulation

2. Severe infection or open wounds

3. Allergy or sensitivity to bandage materials

4. Fragile or compromised skin

5. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) risk

6. Improperly applied bandages

7. Unstable fractures without proper immobilization

What contraindication is being described below:

• Peripheral Arterial Disease: Tight bandaging can reduce blood supply, worsening ischemia

• Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Poor circulation increases the risk of tissue necrosis

• Severe Edema with Arterial Insufficiency: Compression can worsen ischemic conditions

Impaired circulation

What contraindication is being described below:

• Uncontrolled infections: Covering an infected wound without proper drainage can trap bacteria and worsen the infection

• Necrotic tissue without debridement: Bandaging over dead tissue without treatment can promote further decay

Severe infection or open wounds

What contraindication is being described below:

• Latex allergy: Some patients may have severe reactions to latex-based bandages

• Adhesive sensitivity: Skin irritation or rashes can occur with certain medical tapes or adhesives

Allergy or sensitivity to bandage materials

What contraindication is being described below:

• Elderly patients with thin skin: Tight bandages can cause skin tears or pressure ulcers

• Burns or radiation-damaged skin: Improper bandaging can lead to further damage and delayed healing

Fragile or compromised skin

What contraindication is being described below:

• Improper compression techniques: Can dislodge clots, leading to pulmonary embolism

• Venous thromboembolism (VTE) precaution: Avoid restrictive bandages in high-risk individuals without medical supervision

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) risk

What contraindication is being described below:

• Tourniquet effect: Overly tight bandaging can cut off circulation and cause limb ischemia

• Bandage slippage: Loose bandaging can fail to provide support and protection

Improperly applied bandages

What contraindication is being described below:

• Bandaging alone is not enough for fractures needing splinting or casting

Unstable fractures without proper immobilization

Effect of overly tight bandaging which can cut off circulation and cause limb ischemia

Tourniquet effect

Eight (8) precautions in bandaging

1. Ensure proper circulation

2. Use the right bandage for the condition

3. Apply even pressure

4. Secure the bandage properly

5. Check for signs of complications

6. Consider skin sensitivity

7. Change bandages regularly

8. Properly position the limb

What are signs of poor circulation? (4)

1. Coldness

2. Numbness

3. Bluish discoloration

4. Increased pain

Where should pressure be applied more to prevent fluid build up?

Distally

• More pressure distally

• Less pressure proximally

What may indicate an infection which requires a bandage change?

Excessive moisture or foul odor

What bandage should be used for sprains and swelling control?

Elastic bandages

What bandage should be used for wound protection?

Gauze bandages

What bandage should be used for venous insufficiency?

Compression bandage

Should you avoid using compression bandages in arterial diseases?

Yes

What position should the limb be in to avoid stiffness or contractures?

Functional position

What bandage size is used for the foot and ankle?

4 in bandage

What bandage size is used for the hand and wrist?

1-2 in bandage

What bandage size is used for the knee (both adult and children)?

Adult: 4 in

Children: 3 in

What bandage size is used for the elbow (both adult and children)?

Adult: 3-4 in

Children: 2-3 in

What bandage size is used for the hip (both adult and children)?

Adult: 6 in

Children: 4 in

True or False: Spica incorporates a figure of eight pattern, which is used for transfemoral amputation or strained groin

True