Studied by 8 peopleComponents of a DNA nucleotide
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Use Chargaff’s rule to calculate the percentage of each base in DNA
A= 20% G=30% T=20% C=30%
Identify type of bond that hold the base pairs together in a double helix
hydrogen bond
What is the complementary DNA to
A-T-C-G-T-T-C-A
T-A-G-C-A-A-G-T
What is semiconservative replication?
each daughter DNAs are half parent and half new
describe the function of DNA polymerase
adds new nucleotides to the 3’ end of an existing strand
describe the function of helicase
enzyme that unzips DNA strand @ the fork
describe primase
builds a short RNA primer attached to the DNA
describe what happens during replication
a copy of the DNA is made
Where does replication happen in eukaryotes?
nucleus
Where does replication happen in prokaryotes?
cytoplasm
describe a lagging strand:
direction: away from or towards the fork
protein number: multiple or single
away from
multiple
describe a leading strand:
direction: away from or towards the fork
protein number: multiple or single
towards the fork
single
What are Okazaki fragments?
short lagging strand segments
In what direction are new strands of DNA built?
5’ to 3’ direction
New nucleotides can only be added to which prime end?
3’
Describe the origin of replication
where the DNA replication begins
Describe a replication bubble
the space between the separating strands
describe a replication fork
the part where the two strands separate
Components of an RNA nucleotide
Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine
3 differences between the structures of DNA and RNA
sugar in RNA is ribose not deoxyribose
RNA is singe stranded not double
RNA contains bade Uracil in place of Thymine
describe the function of mRNA
(messenger) carries info from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in cytoplasm
describe the function of tRNA
(transfer) carries amino acids to ribosomes as specified by the coded messages in mRNA
describe rRNA
(ribosomal) makes up part of a ribosome
Note
Flashcard