Unit 4 Chemistry

Father of the Periodic Table of Elements

Dmitri Mendeleev

Period

• row

• # of electron shells

• increases as you go down

Group

• column

• # of valence electrons

• grouped by characteristics

Periodic Law

when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their physical and chemical properties show a periodic pattern

Characteristics of Metals

• conductors of heat/electricity

• solid at room temp (except mercury)

• malleable

• ductile

• shiny

• high melting point

Characteristics of Nonmetals

• poor conductors of heat/electricity

• most gas at room temp (can be s, l, g)

• brittle

• dull

• low boiling point

Metalloids

• Br

• Si

• Ge

• As

• Sb

• Te

• Po

• At

Group 1A

Alkali Metals

Group 2A

Alkaline Earth

Group 7A

Halogens

Group 8A

Noble Gases

Transition Metals

• the d block

• multi-valent

Alkali Metals

• malleable

• extremely reactive

• one valence electrons

Halogens

• nonmetal

• extremely reactive

• 7 valence electrons