Robotics Final Exam

What is Arduino?

Microcontroller board

Arduino main chip

ATmega microcontroller

Powering an arduino uses:

USB cable or external power supply.

GND Pin

Ground connection with circuit. Zero voltage

5V Pin

5 volts of electricty

Breadboard

prototyping circuits without needing to solder

LED

Light Emitting Diode

Digital Pin values

Operate on 2 distinct states: HIGH (on) and LOW (off)

Resistor

Limtis the flow of electrical current

Analog Pin

Reads range of voltage calues

2 main functions of C

setup() and loop()

Setup() function

runs once, initial setup, setting pin modes

Loop() function

continuously over and over again. Only when program has pwoer

Setting pin as output

pinMode(pinNumber,OUTPUT) sends out voltage

Writing to a digital pin

digitalWrite(pinNumber, value) makes output pin either HIGH or LOW

delay()

pauses program for specified milliseconds

Single-Line comment

// code ignores

Serial.begin()

initializes serial communication between the Arduino and a computer at a baud rate (speed) of 9600. This allows the Arduino to send and receive text-based information.

Integer data type

whole numbers use "int"

Semicolon's purpose

ends of a statement

Motor controller function

microcontroller (like an Arduino) to control a high-power motor's speed and direction.

Why have a motorcontroller?

Allows more ampage than the arudino can provide

H-Bridge circuit

Makes DC motor spin back/forwards. Curicut controls direction

PWM

Pulse Width Modulation

PMW how it works

Switches motor's power on/off quickly

How to increase motor speed

Increase duty cycle

Servo motors

percisely controlled to a specific angle/position

FRC motor controllers

Talon SRX, Victor SPX, Spark MAX

Reversing motor polarity

Spins oppo direction if positive/negative wires reversed

Morot encoder

Sensor to measure speed/position

Primary PPE

Safety glasses

E Stop

Emergency Stop button

FRC main contoller

RoboRIO

FRC build season

6-8 weeks