Geol Final

Where is the water on earth found?

Oceans

radial drainage pattern

A system of streams running in all directions away from a central elevated structure

dendritic drainage pattern

a stream system that resembles the pattern of a branching tree (Uniform bedrock)(In Plateau region)

rectangular drainage pattern

A drainage pattern characterized by numerous right angle bends that develops on jointed or fractured bedrock. (set of fractures: "joints")

trellis drainage pattern

a system of streams in which nearly parallel tributaries occupy valleys cut in folded strata (folded bedrock)(eroded folds)

unconfined aquifer

an aquifer made of porous rock covered by soil out of which water can easily flow

water table

The upper level of the saturated zone of groundwater

vadose zone

unsaturated zone

Flowlines are determined by…

• Gravity

• Pressure gradient

Darcy's Law

A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water

Meanders

A winding

natural levee

a deposit of sand or mud built up along

Deltas

deposits of sand and soil at the mouth of a river form

Porosity

The percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces.

Permeability

Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it

confined aquifer

an aquifer surrounded by a layer of impermeable rock or clay that impedes water flow

artesian well

A well in which water rises because of pressure within the aquifer

recharge area

Any area of land allowing water to pass through it and into an aquifer.

stalactites

a tapering structure hanging like an icicle from the roof of a cave

stalagmites

Steep mounds or spikes of calcium carbonate that grow up from the floor of a cave.

Formation of Glacial Ice

snowflake

Sublimation

A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid

zone of accumulation

The part of a glacial system where snow and ice are accumulating faster than they are melting away.

zone of wastage

the part of a glacier beyond the zone of accumulation where all of the snow from the previous winter melts

zone of fracture

Upper top 50 meters of ice where cracking is common (not enough pressure for plastic flow)

zone of plastic flow

the lower part of the glacier which due to to the pressure of the overlying ice deforms into a flow

basal slip

The process that causes the ice at the base of a glacier to melt and the glacier to slide

plastic flow

A type of glacial movement that occurs within the glacier

Obliquity

The tilt of the Earth's axis

eccentricity

The shape of the Earth

Precession

Wobble in Earth's rotational axis

River collecting system