Unit 4, human reproduction (work in progress)

Function of the human reproductive system

Creat offspring and keep the species alive

Happens to male and females during puberty

1. Gain the able to produce offspring

2. Gain make and female characteristics

Male role in reproduction

• produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system

• Fertilize the egg cell

the function of testosterone

Mature the sperm

Vasectomy

A peace of the vas deferens is cut out

Cyptochidism

When the testes do not drop

What makes up semen

Mixture of sperm and seminal fluid

What is seminal fluid

The fluids that come from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland and the bulbourethral gland

The parts of the male reproductive system

1. Testes

2. Epididymis

3. Vas deferens

4. Seminal vesicles

5. Prostrate gland

6. Bulbourethral gland

7. Urethra

8. Penis

9. Pubic bone

The parts of the sperm

1. Head

2. Mid peace

3. Tail

What is in the head section of sperm

• the nucleus

• Enzyme → Acrosome

What does the enzyme acrosome break down

The protein coating of the egg cell

What is in the mid peace of the sperm

The mitochondria

What does the tail part of the sperm do

Let’s the sperm move. Does whipping motion

How the sperm becomes erect

Blood rushes to it

Erectile dysfunction

When the penis can not become erect

Role of female in reproduction

• produce egg cell

• Carry the developing fetus

What is the function of estrogen

• build up the endometrium

• Develope egg cell (maybe)

• Gain female characteristics

Parts of reproductive system

1. Vagina

2. Cervix

3. Uterus

4. Endometrium

5. Fallopian tubes

6. Ovary

7. pubic bone

Out side genitalia for women

Vulva

Parts of the vulva

1. Mons pubis

2. Latvia majora

3. Labia minora

4. Vestibule

   1. Urethra

   2. Vagina

5. Hymen clitoris clitoral hood

Vestibule

The urethra and vaginal openings

The two female reproductive cycles

1. Menstrual cycle

2. Ovarian cycle

Where does the ovarian cycle happen

The ovaries

The ovarian cycle steps

1. An egg is picked for development and surrounded by follicle cells

2. Ovum gets developed over 14 days

3. Increase in LH hormone causes ovulation (the egg to be released

4. The follicle cells turn into a corpus luteum and reassess progesterone

5. If no pregnancy than the corpus luteum fully breaks down

The menstrual cycle steps

1. The decrease in Estrogen causes the endometrium to be shed

2. After the shed estrogen is re-increased and the endometrium is built back up

3. In the ovaries during this time another egg is selected to be developed.

Steps leading up to ovulation in ovaries

1. An ovum is selected to be developed

2. Follicle cells surround the ovum and it starts its development

3. Follicle cells grown and nourish/develop the ovum

4. The ovum bursts from the follicle cells and is released

5. The follicle cells turn into a corpus luteum and gives off progesterone to support a pregnancy if one happens

The 4 processes of development for a ferlilized egg

1. Ovulation

2. Fertilization

3. Cleavage

4. Implantation