Quiz 4 Prehistory

Where might depictions of humans and animals be seen in islamic art?

Secular Art

What are the 3 Fundamental aspects of Islamic Art?

Calligraphy, Geometry, Arabesque

How is Calligraphy important in Islamic art?

Calligraphy is used to write down the word of God.

How is Geometry important in Islamic Art?

Helps to understand the infinite power of God.

What is Arabesque

A plant-like decorative motif.

Which group created the earliest examples of Islamic Art?

Umayyads

How is the dome of the rock similar to byzantine art?

The usage of mosaics and a central plan.

How is the location of the dome of the rock important?

It was believed to be the very spot that Muhammed traveled to heaven.

What is a Minaret?

An outside pillar with a cone on top.

What is a minbar?

Raised platform in a mosque with stairs.

What is a Quibla?

The wall facing east for prayer.

What does a Mihrab do?

Identifies the Quibla.

What is interesting about The Great Mosque

It was originally a roman temple, then a christian church, then became a mosque.

Hijazi

Leaning, thin, cursive-like Arabic Script

Kufic

Rigid, right angled, thick Arabic Script.

Samsara

Cycle of death and rebirth

Prince Ashoka

World’s first buddhist emperor and patron of Budhhist art

Edict Pillars

Pillar lined with calligraphy on the sides.

What style was Buddha depicted in?

Figurative

What are the Lakshanas

Ushnisha (bun), Urna (third eye), Longer ear lobes, Mudra (hand gesture)

Why were longer ear lobes a characteristic of Buddha?

It represents how lavish jewelry like earrings that Buddha would have worn in royalty would have stretched the ear.

Dome of the Rock, Islam

The Great Mosque, Islam

Khirbat al-Mafjar (Hisham’s Palace), Islam

Hijazi

Kufic

What form of Buddhism is this?

Theravada (Hinayana) Buddhism

What form of Buddhism is this?

Mahayana Buddhism

Lion Capital, Ashokan Pillar, Buddhism

Meditating Buddha, (Gandharan Style), Buddha Under the Bodhi Tree, (Mathuran Style), Buddha Preaching First Sermon, (Guptan Style)

Mountain Incense Burner (Boshan), Daoism

Laoizi, Daoism

Stone Relief in Wu Family Shrine, Confucianism

Ise Jingu, Shintoism

What is Daodejing?

The way and its power.

What is dao?

The way of the universe.

What is the aim of confucianism?

Social order & Stability.

What is emphasized in confucianism?

Self discipline, morality, justice, respect.

What is a Junzi?

A superior gentleman.

What is Ren?

Human Heartedness

What is Li?

Etiquette.

What are Kamis?

Spirits found in nature?

Shintoism

“The way of the gods,” Deeply rooted in nature,

its spirits must be appeased.