Heart - McKee Unit 2

apex

lower tip of the heart

base

on top of the heart; where great vessels located

epicardium (visceral pericardium)

Function: proctecion from friction

endocardium

Function: protection

myocardium

Function: contract to pump blood

ligamentum arteriosum

remnant of ductus arteriosus in adults, no function in adults

coronary sulcus

Function: pathway for coronary arteries

anterior interventricular sulcus

marks the boundary between the ventricles anteriorly

Function: pathway anterior interventricular blood vessels

posterior interventricular sulcus

marks the boundary between the ventricles posteriorly

Function: pathway posterior interventricular blood vessels

interatrial septum

Function: separate left and right atria

interventricular septum

Function: separate right and left ventricles

right coronary artery

Function: supplies blood to the right atrium, right ventricle, sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes

left coronary artery

Function: supplies blood to the left ventricle, left atrium, and interventricular septum

circumflex artery

Function: supplies the left atrium and the posterior walls of the left ventricle

marginal artery

Function: supplies the right border of the heart

anterior interventricular artery

Function: supplies the anterior surface of both ventricles and most of the interventricular septum

also called the left anterior descending artery (LAD)

posterior interventricular artery

Function: supplies the posterior ventricular walls, runs to the heart apex

great cardiac vein

Function: drains the anterior surface of both ventricles and most of the interventricular septum;

runs alongside the anterior interventricular artery

middle cardiac vein

Function: drains the posterior ventricular walls;

runs alongside the posterior interventricular artery

small cardiac vein

Function: drains the right border of the heart;

travels along side the right marginal artery.

coronary sinus

Function: empties blood into the right atrium;

enlarged vein on the posterior aspect of the heart

right atrium

Function: receives blood from the vena cava and coronary sinus

Auricles

Function: increase the volume of the atria

pectinate muscles

muscles located in the auricles

Function: increase power of atrial contaction

superior vena cava

Function: drains blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart

inferior vena cava

Function: carries blood from lower regions of the body to right atrium

fossa ovalis

remnant of foramen ovale of fetal heart, no function in adults

tricuspid valve (right AV valve)

Function: prevent back flow of blood between right ventricle and right atrium

right ventricle

Function: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries

papillary muscles

Function: pull the atrioventricular valves closed by means of the chordae tendineae

chordae tendineae

Function: attach to the valves in the heart and prevent them from inverting

trabeculae carneae

Function: contraction prevents inversion of mitral and tricuspid valves

moderator band

Function: conducts impulses between right papillary muscle and interventricular septum, thereby coordinating the contraction of the cells;

also prevents over stretch of the ventricular wall

pulmonary valve

Function: prevent back flow of blood between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

pulmonary trunk

Function: passage of blood out of right ventricle toward the lungs

pulmonary arteries (left & right)

Function: artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

pulmonary veins (left & right)

Function: carry oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

left atrium

Function: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins

mitral valve (left AV valve)

Function: prevent back flow of blood between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

left ventricle

Function: pumps oxygenated blood to the body

aortic valve

Function: prevents back flow of blood from aorta into the left ventricle; semilunar valve

ascending aorta

Function: deliver oxygren rich blood to whole body

aortic arch

Function: deliver oxygren rich blood to whole body

brachiocephalic trunk

Function: carries oxygenated blood to the neck, head, and right anterior limb

left common carotid artery

Function: provides blood to neck & head;

further divides into internal and external carotid arteries

left subclavian artery

Function: distributes blood to the left arm