Ch. 7: The American Revolution

American Revolution

The struggle of the colonies in North America to gain their independence from Great Britain.

Continental Army

The American army during the Revolution

Democracy

A system of government in which the power to govern belongs to the people

Rebellion

A violent attempt to resist or overthrow the government or another authority.

Issuing

To supply or make available

Strategy

An overall plan, such as winning a war

Ally

A nation that joins another nation in some common effort (fighting a war)

Crucial

Very important or necessary

Prospect

The chance that something will happen

Which document was the cause of the Revolutionary War (Intro)?

Declaration of Independence

What were the strengths of the Continental army?

*Experienced leader- George Washington
*Aid from French

What were the weaknesses of the Continental army?

*Short of soldiers
*Lacked experience
*Supply shortage

What did Congress do to help pay for the war (7.1)?

Printed more currency

What were the strengths of the British army?

*Larger army
*Experienced

What were the weaknesses of the British army?

*Poor leadership
*Unfamiliar terrain

Why were many British people not supportive of the war (7.2)?

High cost for taxpayers

Why did African Americans join the Continental army (7.3)?

Hoped independence would lead to an end of slavery.

What factor led many African Americans to choose to be Loyalists during the war for independence (7.3)?

Slaves of Patriots were offered freedom for joining the British

At what battle did the British stop their attack because General Howe figured Washington would surrender (7.3)?

Brooklyn (New York)

What caused the American defeat in Brooklyn, New York, in August 1776 (7.3)?

inexperienced soldiers

Who wrote The Crisis (7.4)?

Thomas Paine

What was the purpose of The Crisis (7.4)?

To encourage the Continental army

What was the effect of The Crisis (7.4)?

Boosted morale by making them realize that the harder the situation, the more glorious
the triumph

What battle was an American victory that occurred after Americans crossed the icy Delaware River on Christmas night and surprised the Hessians (7.4)?

Battle of Trenton

What was the result of the American victories at Trenton & Princeton (7.4)?

It showed that the Americans could defeat the British

What was the basic military strategy of George Washington after 1776 (7.5)?

Fight a defensive war and tire out the British

What was the new British strategy revised by Lord George Germain (7.5)?

Divide the rebels by taking control of the Hudson River Valley, cutting off supply lines

What was the disadvantage for Burgoyne’s plan in Albany, New York (7.5)?

Unfamiliar territory

What battle is considered the turning point of the American Revolution (7.5)?

Saratoga

What was the effect of the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga (7.5)?

European countries came to the aid of America

Which nation became an American ally after the victory at Saratoga (7.5)?

France

Where was winter difficult for the American troops due to low supplies & starvation(7.5)?

Valley Forge

What Battle occurred as Washington’s army chased retreating British troops across New Jersey and pushed them back to New York (7.5)?

Battle of Monmouth

Why did the British change their strategy to attack the South, expecting to win more battles there (7.6)?

There were many Loyalists there

Which fighting strategy did the Americans use very effectively during the war (7.6)?

The used ambushes and guerilla warfare in battle

What was the outcome of the Battle of Yorktown (7.6)?

Cornwallis surrendered which ended the war

What were the 3 terms of the Treaty of Paris (7.7)?

-Britain recognizes U.S. as independent country
-Britain gives territory from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River
-U.S. returned all rights and property taken from the Loyalists

How were other parts of the world impacted by the American Revolution (7.7)?

Encouraged other nations to fight for independence

After the Revolutionary War, where did many Loyalists relocate to (7.7)?

Canada

Review:
-Battle of Yorktown Map (7.6)
-Notes from Capture the Flag

Good Luck! :)