Ch. 7: The American Revolution

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American Revolution

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The struggle of the colonies in North America to gain their independence from Great Britain.

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Continental Army

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The American army during the Revolution

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40 Terms

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American Revolution

The struggle of the colonies in North America to gain their independence from Great Britain.

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Continental Army

The American army during the Revolution

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Democracy

A system of government in which the power to govern belongs to the people

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Rebellion

A violent attempt to resist or overthrow the government or another authority.

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Issuing

To supply or make available

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Strategy

An overall plan, such as winning a war

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Ally

A nation that joins another nation in some common effort (fighting a war)

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Crucial

Very important or necessary

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Prospect

The chance that something will happen

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Which document was the cause of the Revolutionary War (Intro)?

Declaration of Independence

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What were the strengths of the Continental army?

*Experienced leader- George Washington
*Aid from French

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What were the weaknesses of the Continental army?

*Short of soldiers
*Lacked experience
*Supply shortage

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What did Congress do to help pay for the war (7.1)?

Printed more currency

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What were the strengths of the British army?

*Larger army
*Experienced

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What were the weaknesses of the British army?

*Poor leadership
*Unfamiliar terrain

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Why were many British people not supportive of the war (7.2)?

High cost for taxpayers

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Why did African Americans join the Continental army (7.3)?

Hoped independence would lead to an end of slavery.

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What factor led many African Americans to choose to be Loyalists during the war for independence (7.3)?

Slaves of Patriots were offered freedom for joining the British

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At what battle did the British stop their attack because General Howe figured Washington would surrender (7.3)?

Brooklyn (New York)

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What caused the American defeat in Brooklyn, New York, in August 1776 (7.3)?

inexperienced soldiers

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Who wrote The Crisis (7.4)?

Thomas Paine

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What was the purpose of The Crisis (7.4)?

To encourage the Continental army

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What was the effect of The Crisis (7.4)?

Boosted morale by making them realize that the harder the situation, the more glorious
the triumph

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What battle was an American victory that occurred after Americans crossed the icy Delaware River on Christmas night and surprised the Hessians (7.4)?

Battle of Trenton

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What was the result of the American victories at Trenton & Princeton (7.4)?

It showed that the Americans could defeat the British

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What was the basic military strategy of George Washington after 1776 (7.5)?

Fight a defensive war and tire out the British

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What was the new British strategy revised by Lord George Germain (7.5)?

Divide the rebels by taking control of the Hudson River Valley, cutting off supply lines

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What was the disadvantage for Burgoyne’s plan in Albany, New York (7.5)?

Unfamiliar territory

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What battle is considered the turning point of the American Revolution (7.5)?

Saratoga

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What was the effect of the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga (7.5)?

European countries came to the aid of America

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Which nation became an American ally after the victory at Saratoga (7.5)?

France

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Where was winter difficult for the American troops due to low supplies & starvation(7.5)?

Valley Forge

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What Battle occurred as Washington’s army chased retreating British troops across New Jersey and pushed them back to New York (7.5)?

Battle of Monmouth

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Why did the British change their strategy to attack the South, expecting to win more battles there (7.6)?

There were many Loyalists there

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Which fighting strategy did the Americans use very effectively during the war (7.6)?

The used ambushes and guerilla warfare in battle

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What was the outcome of the Battle of Yorktown (7.6)?

Cornwallis surrendered which ended the war

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What were the 3 terms of the Treaty of Paris (7.7)?

-Britain recognizes U.S. as independent country
-Britain gives territory from Atlantic Ocean to Mississippi River
-U.S. returned all rights and property taken from the Loyalists

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How were other parts of the world impacted by the American Revolution (7.7)?

Encouraged other nations to fight for independence

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After the Revolutionary War, where did many Loyalists relocate to (7.7)?

Canada

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Review:
-Battle of Yorktown Map (7.6)
-Notes from Capture the Flag

Good Luck! :)